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Gunung Marapi Erupsi, Masuk Daftar 18 Gunung Api Berstatus Waspada Level II di RI | Databoks Home Gunung Marapi Erupsi, Masuk Daftar 18 Gunung Api Berstatus Waspada Level II di RI Gunung Marapi Erupsi, Masuk Daftar 18 Gunung Api Berstatus Waspada Level II di RI Daftar Tingkat Aktivitas Gunung Api di Indonesia (4 Desember 2023)* Sumber : Magma Indonesia, Pusat Vulkanologi & Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG), 4 Desember 2023
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Penulis: Cindy Mutia Annur
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
4/12/2023, 15.39 WIB
Gunung Marapi di Sumatera Barat mengalami erupsi pada Minggu (3/12/2023). Menurut Pusat Vulkanologi & Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG), erupsi eksplosif terjadi pada pukul 14.54 WIB dengan tinggi kolom abu teramati sekitar 3000 meter di atas puncak (5891 m di atas permukaan laut).
PVMBG mengatakan, tinggi kolom abu teramati berwarna kelabu dengan intensitas tebal condong ke arah timur. Erupsi ini terekam di Seismograf dengan amplitudo maksimum 30 milimeter (mm) dan durasi 4 menit 41 detik.
Erupsi tersebut juga disertai dengan adanya aliran piroklasik ke arah utara dengan jarak luncur 3 kilometer (km).
“Pada saat ini erupsi susulan masih berlangsung berdasarkan pengamatan instrumental PVMBG,” demikian dilansir dari siaran pers Kementerian ESDM, Minggu (3/12/2023).
Menurut PVMBG, kejadian erupsi yang terjadi kemarin tidak didahului oleh peningkatan gempa vulkanik yang signifikan. Tercatat, Gempa Vulkanik-Dalam (VA) hanya terekam 3 kali antara 16 November 2023 sampai 2 Desember 2023.
Peralatan deformasi (Tiltmeter) yang berada di stasiun puncak menunjukkan pola mendatar pada sumbu radial dan sedikit inflasi pada sumbu tangensial. “Hal ini menunjukkan proses erupsi berlangsung cepat dan pusat tekanan hanya berada pada kedalaman dangkal (sekitar puncak),” kata PVMBG.
Adapun menurut data Magma Indonesia, Gunung Marapi masih berada di Level II (Waspada) hingga siang ini (4/12/2023). Berdasarkan pengamatan visual pada pukul 01.20 WIB dini hari tadi, asap kawah di gunung tersebut tidak teramati, disertai cuaca berawan hingga hujan, angin lemah ke arah utara dan barat daya.
Sementara, berdasarkan pengamatan kegempaan pukul 00.00-06.00 WIB kemarin, terdapat 36 kali gempa letusan/erupsi dengan amplitudo 2,3-30 mm dan lama gempa 18-281 detik. Kemudian, ada 16 kali gempa hembusan dengan amplitudo 2-9,8 mm dan lama gempa 23-85 detik.
“Masyarakat di sekitar Gunungapi Marapi dan pengunjung/wisatawan tidak diperbolehkan mendaki Gunungapi Marapi pada radius 3 km dari kawah/puncak,” demikian dikutip dari situs Magma Indonesia, Senin (4/12/2023).
Gunung Marapi masuk dalam daftar 18 gunung aktif di Indonesia berstatus level II (Waspada) saat ini. Gunung lainnya antaranya, Gunung Awu di Sulawesi Utara, Ili Lewotolok di Nusa Tenggara Timur, dan Gunung Bromo di Jawa Timur.
Di sisi lain, ada tiga gunung api di Indonesia yang berstatus level III (Siaga). Ketiga gunung tersebut adalah Gunung Anak Krakatau di Lampung, Gunung Merapi di DI Yogyakarta/Jawa Tengah, dan Gunung Semeru di Jawa Timur.
Lalu, ada pula sebanyak 47 gunung api di Tanah Air yang berstatus level I (Normal). Di antaranya Gunung Agung di Bali, Gunung Ciremai di Jawa Barat, hingga Gunung Wurlali di Maluku.
Meski demikian, menurut Magma Indonesia, sejauh ini tidak ada gunung api di Indonesia yang berstatus level IV (Awas).
Magma Indonesia mencatat, terdapat 127 gunung api aktif di seluruh Indonesia saat ini. Namun, hanya ada 69 gunung api aktif yang dipantau oleh PVMBG.
(Baca: Indonesia Punya Gunung Berapi Aktif Terbanyak di Dunia )
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