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Menilik Perbandingan Hasil Tax Amnesty Jilid I dan II | Databoks
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Menilik Perbandingan Hasil Tax Amnesty Jilid I dan II

Hasil Program Pengampunan Pajak/Tax Amnesty Jilid I dan II (2016 dan 2021)

Sumber : Berbagai Sumber,

katadata logo databoks logo
Disalin..
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

20/11/2024, 18.33 WIB

Pemerintah dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (DPR) mewacanakan program pengampunan pajak atau pengungkapan sukarela (PPS) jilid III.

Melansir Katadata, rencana program bernama lain tax amnesty itu tertuang dalam hasil rapat Panja Program Legislasi Nasional RUU Prioritas yang digelar Baleg DPR, pada Senin (18/11/2024). Berdasakan hasil rapat tersebut, program pengampunan pajak ini ternyata masuk daftar draft usulan Prolegnas RUU Prioritas 2025.

Lantas bagaimana hasil tax amnesty jilid I dan II sebelumnya?

Tax amnesty jilid I berlangsung pada 2016-2017. Dari berbagai sumber yang dihimpun Databoks, total wajib pajak yang ikut pada gelombang I sebanyak 956.793, baik perorangan maupun badan. Nilai harta yang diungkap sebesar Rp4.854,63 triliun.

Nilai harta deklarasi dalam negeri sebesar Rp3.676 triliun. Sedangkan nilai harta deklarasi luar negeri sebesar Rp1.031 triliun. Nilai ini masih jauh dari target deklarasi yang masing-masing ditetapkan Rp4.000 triliun.

Repatriasi pajak hanya sebesar Rp147 triliun. Jumlah itu cuma mencakup 14,7% dari target yang ditetapkan mencapai Rp1.000 triliun.

Kemudian, uang tebusan yang diterima negara sebesar Rp114,02 triliun. Angka itu setara 69% dari target Rp165 triliun.

Sementara, tax amnesty jilid II dilangsungkan pada 1 Januari-30 Juni 2022. Durasinya lebih pendek dari jilid I.

Kementerian Keuangan (Kemenkeu) melaporkan, total wajib pajak yang berpartisipasi dalam gelombang II sebanyak 247.918. Nominal harta yang diungkap sebesar Rp594,82 triliun.

Nilai deklarasi dalam negeri sebesar Rp498,88 triliun dan luar negeri sebesar Rp59,1 triliun. Adapun nilai repatriasi terbukukan sebesar Rp13,7 triliun.

Uang tebusan atau PPh yang disetorkan sebesar Rp61,01 triliun. Ini terdiri atas kebijakan I sebesar Rp32,91 triliun dan kebijakan II sebesar Rp28,1 triliun.

(Baca juga: Bulan Terakhir Pengampunan Pajak, Setoran Peserta Naik Drastis)

Kritik ekonom

Katadata mewartakan, rencana pengampunan pajak tersebut dikritik sejumlah ekonom karena bisa meningkatkan jumlah pengemplang pajak dari orang kaya dan korporasi besar.

Direktur Eksekutif Center Of Economic And Law Studies (Celios), Bhima Yudhistira, menilai kebijakan tax amnesty jilid III bisa menjadi keputusan yang ceroboh jika pemerintah menargetkan peningkatan penerimaan pajak.

“Rasio pajak sudah terbukti tidak naik setelah tax amnesty jilid I dan II. Apa pengaruhnya tax amnesty? Jelas tidak ada,” kata Bhima kepada Katadata, Selasa (19/11/2024).

Menurut Bhima, pengampunan pajak yang terlalu sering dilakukan bisa membuat kepatuhan pajak orang kaya dan korporasi kakap justru turun. Hal itu membuat pengemplang pajak berasumsi setelah tax amnesty III akan ada program serupa.

“Ini moral hazard-nya besar sekali. Bukannya mengejar kepatuhan pajak dan pencocokan data aset dari hasil tax amnesty sebelumnya, ini malah membuat tax amnesty jilid III,” ujar Bhima.

Padahal, pengusaha sudah menikmati tarif pajak penghasilan atau PPh badan yang terus menurun. Belum lagi, pada tahun depan tarif PPh badan dari 22% akan turun ke 20%.

Di sisi lain, kenaikan tarif pajak pertambahan nilai (PPN) menjadi 12% juga akan menciptakan pelemahan daya beli kelas menengah ke bawah, pelaku usaha juga terpukul.

Tak hanya itu, Bhima juga melihat dampak kenaikan PPN ini bisa menyebabkan pemutusan hubungan kerja (PHK) secara massal baik, di sektor ritel dan industri pengolahan.

“Di mana letak keadilan pajaknya?” kata Bhima.

(Baca juga: Kontribusi Pajak Utama Oktober 2024, PPN Dalam Negeri Tertinggi)

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