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Strategi Buruh Bayar Utang, Tambah Jam Kerja hingga Pinjam Lagi | Databoks
IKLAN

Strategi Buruh Bayar Utang, Tambah Jam Kerja hingga Pinjam Lagi

Proporsi Responden/Narasumber Buruh Atas Strategi Membayar Utang yang Menjeratnya (Agustus-September 2024)

Sumber : Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL), Oktober 2024

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Disalin..
IKLAN

Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

19/11/2024, 13.35 WIB

Laporan Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL) menghimpun sederet strategi yang dilakukan buruh industri membayar utang-utangnya.

Sebelumnya, KHL menyebut sebanyak 76% atau 200 dari 257 narasumber buruh mengaku terjerat utang.

(Baca juga: Buruh Industri Terlilit Utang untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Hidup)

Cara membayar utang paling banyak adalah dengan menambah jam kerja. Opsi ini dipilih 143 orang atau sebanyak 41,9% dari total buruh yang terjerat utang.

Terbanyak kedua adalah mengurangi konsumsi, dipilih 85 orang atau 24,9%.

Cara ketiga terbanyak adalah meminjam uang lagi untuk membayar utang, dipilih oleh 73 orang atau 21,4%.

Disusul posisi keempat dengan melepas aset, dipilih 35 orang atau 10,3%. Membayar dengan gaji juga jadi pilihan dengan proporsi 0,9%. 

Terakhir, dibiarkan gagal bayar, sebesar 0,6%. Sebagai catatan, metode survei ini menggunakan multiple answer sehingga responden bisa menjawab lebih dari satu pilihan.

KHL menyebut, tindakan mengambil pinjaman ini karena negara gagal menciptakan upah yang layak, sehingga buruh terperangkap dalam jebakan utang.

"Ini membuat seseorang harus menambah jam kerja, menjual barang berharga, dan mengurangi konsumsi," tulis tim riset dalam laporan Upah Murah, Biaya Hidup Mahal: Jeratan Rentenir Modern kepada Keluarga Buruh di Enam Sektor Industri, dikutip pada Selasa (19/11/2024).

KHL menambahkan, efek domino dari jeratan utang ini pun membuat buruh lebih rentan untuk masuk ke dalam sektor informal.

Survei ekonomi utang yang dilaksanakan selama satu setengah bulan pada Agustus-September 2024 secara total mengumpulkan data dari 257 narasumber di delapan wilayah dan enam sektor industri.

Delapan wilayah tersebut, yaitu Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang, Kota Serang (Banten); Kota dan Kabupaten Sukabumi (Jawa Barat); Kabupaten Sambas (Kalimantan Barat); Kabupaten Morowali (Sulawesi Tengah); Kota Denpasar (Kepulauan Bali); Kabupaten Brebes dan Kabupaten Jepara (Jawa Tengah); dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Jawa Timur).

Adapun sektor industri yang berpartisipasi, yaitu industri manufaktur (88 narasumber), industri ekonomi gig/buruh-ojol (80 narasumber), industri penerbangan (11 narasumber), industri perkebunan (30 narasumber), industri pertambangan (37 narasumber), dan industri perikanan (11 narasumber).

Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan aksi partisipatif yang mengintegrasikan metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif.

Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini ditetapkan sebagai rumah tangga kelas buruh. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik sampel nonprobabilitas (nonprobability sampling) dengan metode snowballing (sampel bola salju).

Tim riset menjelaskan, pemilihan metode snowballing sampling didasarkan pada tidak tersedianya kerangka sampel resmi yang dapat diandalkan. Karena itu penelitian ini juga bermaksud untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah populasi rumah tangga yang tersembunyi tersebut.

(Baca juga: Pinjol hingga Rentenir, Ini Sumber Utang Buruh Industri)

IKLAN