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Seberapa Sering Buruh Industri Berutang? Ini Surveinya | Databoks Home Seberapa Sering Buruh Industri Berutang? Ini Surveinya Seberapa Sering Buruh Industri Berutang? Ini Surveinya Jawaban Responden/Narasumber Buruh Industri Atas Intensitas Mengambil Utang (Agustus-September 2024) Sumber : Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL), Oktober 2024
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
19/11/2024, 08.50 WIB
Hasil jajak pendapat Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL) mengungkap, banyak buruh industri yang terlilit utang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Proporsinya sebesar 76% dari 257 responden dalam survei yang dilakukan pada Agustus-September 2024.
Buruh-buruh yang berutang tersebut mengambil utangnya dengan intensitas atau frekuensi yang berbeda-beda. Terbanyak adalah setiap sebulan, dipilih sebanyak 103 jawaban.
Kedua, hanya pada saat tertentu saja, dipilih sebanyak 93 jawaban.
Lalu ada buruh-buruh yang mengambil utang setiap minggu, sebanyak 9 jawaban.
Ada juga yang setahun sekali (8), setiap tiga bulan (6), setiap enam bulan (6), dan per dua minggu (1).
Survei tersebut menggambarkan bahwa intensitas pinjaman utang rumah tangga buruh terjadi dalam rentang waktu yang relatif singkat, yakni mingguan, triwulan, bulanan, dan per semester.
"Kondisi ini mencerminkan rumah tangga buruh dikontrol penuh oleh lembaga atau layanan keuangan untuk keberlangsungan hidup," tulis tim riset dalam laporan Upah Murah, Biaya Hidup Mahal: Jeratan Rentenir Modern kepada Keluarga Buruh di Enam Sektor Industri , dikutip pada Selasa (19/11/2024).
Survei ekonomi utang yang dilaksanakan selama satu setengah bulan pada Agustus-September 2024 mengumpulkan data dari 257 narasumber di delapan wilayah dan enam sektor industri.
Delapan wilayah tersebut, yaitu Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang, Kota Serang (Banten); Kota dan Kabupaten Sukabumi (Jawa Barat); Kabupaten Sambas (Kalimantan Barat); Kabupaten Morowali (Sulawesi Tengah); Kota Denpasar (Kepulauan Bali); Kabupaten Brebes dan Kabupaten Jepara (Jawa Tengah); dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Jawa Timur).
Adapun sektor industri yang berpartisipasi, yaitu industri manufaktur (88 narasumber), industri ekonomi gig/buruh-ojol (80 narasumber), industri penerbangan (11 narasumber), industri perkebunan (30 narasumber), industri pertambangan (37 narasumber), dan industri perikanan (11 narasumber).
Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan aksi partisipatif yang mengintegrasikan metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif.
Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini ditetapkan sebagai rumah tangga kelas buruh. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik sampel nonprobabilitas (nonprobability sampling ) dengan metode snowballing (sampel bola salju).
Tim riset menjelaskan, pemilihan metode snowballing sampling didasarkan pada tidak tersedianya kerangka sampel resmi yang dapat diandalkan. Karena itu penelitian ini juga bermaksud untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah populasi rumah tangga yang tersembunyi tersebut.
(Baca juga: Buruh Industri Terlilit Utang untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Hidup )