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Pinjol hingga Rentenir, Ini Sumber Utang Buruh Industri | Databoks
IKLAN

Pinjol hingga Rentenir, Ini Sumber Utang Buruh Industri

Jumlah Buruh yang Berutang Berdasarkan Sumber Utamanya (Agustus-September 2024)

Sumber : Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL), Oktober 2024

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Disalin..
IKLAN

Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

19/11/2024, 09.50 WIB

Sejumlah buruh industri mengandalkan beberapa sumber keuangan dalam mengambil utang guna memenuhi kebutuhannya. Ini tertuang dalam laporan survei Upah Murah, Biaya Hidup Mahal: Jeratan Rentenir Modern kepada Keluarga Buruh di Enam Sektor Industri oleh Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL).

Dari 200 responden yang dilibatkan dalam bagian survei sumber utang ini, terbanyak berutang ke bank umum dengan jumlah 78 orang.

Tim riset menjelaskan, pinjaman bank rata-rata untuk membeli rumah alias KPR dan untuk tujuan bisnis/usaha.

"Jumlah narasumber yang berutang untuk tujuan modal usaha hanya sebanyak 12 orang," tulis tim riset, dikutip pada Selasa (19/11/2024).

Kedua terbanyak adalah pinjaman online (pinjol), sebesar 63 orang. Ketiga, pinjaman keluarga atau saudara atau kerabat, sebanyak 57.

Ada juga yang pinjam ke leasing, sebesar 34 orang. Lalu meminjam ke warung tradisional sebanyak 26 orang.

Sumber lainnya adalah koperasi (22), komunitas arisan (17), bank keliling (10), dan rentenir perorangan (10).

Survei ekonomi utang yang dilaksanakan selama satu setengah bulan pada Agustus-September 2024 secara total mengumpulkan data dari 257 narasumber di delapan wilayah dan enam sektor industri.

Delapan wilayah tersebut, yaitu Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang, Kota Serang (Banten); Kota dan Kabupaten Sukabumi (Jawa Barat); Kabupaten Sambas (Kalimantan Barat); Kabupaten Morowali (Sulawesi Tengah); Kota Denpasar (Kepulauan Bali); Kabupaten Brebes dan Kabupaten Jepara (Jawa Tengah); dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Jawa Timur).

Adapun sektor industri yang berpartisipasi, yaitu industri manufaktur (88 narasumber), industri ekonomi gig/buruh-ojol (80 narasumber), industri penerbangan (11 narasumber), industri perkebunan (30 narasumber), industri pertambangan (37 narasumber), dan industri perikanan (11 narasumber).

Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan aksi partisipatif yang mengintegrasikan metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif.

Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini ditetapkan sebagai rumah tangga kelas buruh. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik sampel nonprobabilitas (nonprobability sampling) dengan metode snowballing (sampel bola salju).

Tim riset menjelaskan, pemilihan metode snowballing sampling didasarkan pada tidak tersedianya kerangka sampel resmi yang dapat diandalkan. Karena itu penelitian ini juga bermaksud untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah populasi rumah tangga yang tersembunyi tersebut.

(Baca juga: Seberapa Sering Buruh Industri Berutang? Ini Surveinya)

IKLAN