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Buruh Industri Terlilit Utang untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Hidup | Databoks Home Buruh Industri Terlilit Utang untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Hidup Buruh Industri Terlilit Utang untuk Memenuhi Kebutuhan Hidup Jawaban Responden/Narasumber Buruh Industri Atas Alasan Mengambil Utang (Agustus-September 2024) Sumber : Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL), Oktober 2024
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
18/11/2024, 18.50 WIB
Hasil riset Koalisi Hidup Layak (KHL) yang diterima Databoks menunjukkan, sebanyak 76% dari 257 responden atau narasumber buruh mengaku terjerat utang.
Adapun tujuan berutang terbanyak untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga sehari-hari, dengan total 143 jawaban.
Kedua adalah pembelian alat kerja, seperti sepeda motor, jarum jahit, masker, dan lainnya, dipilih sebanyak 65 jawaban.
Ketiga, untuk biaya pendidikan anak, seperti buku, seragam, biaya study tour , dan lainnya, sebanyak 54 jawaban.
Lalu keempat, utang untuk biaya perayaan hari keagamaan dan sosial, dipilih sebanyak 28 jawaban.
Kelima, membangun atau membeli rumah, dipilih sebanyak 25 jawaban.
(Baca juga: Tren PHK Meningkat pada Januari-Oktober 2024 )
Sisanya adalah untuk biaya kesehatan, bisnis atau usaha, transfer rumah tangga, tabungan atau investasi, hingga untuk menutupi utang lainnya. Sebagai catatan, survei ini menggunakan pilihan multiple answer sehingga responden bisa memilih lebih dari satu jawaban.
Survei ekonomi utang yang dilaksanakan selama satu setengah bulan pada Agustus-September 2024 mengumpulkan data dari 257 narasumber di delapan wilayah dan enam sektor industri.
Delapan wilayah tersebut, yaitu Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang, Kota Serang (Banten); Kota dan Kabupaten Sukabumi (Jawa Barat); Kabupaten Sambas (Kalimantan Barat); Kabupaten Morowali (Sulawesi Tengah); Kota Denpasar (Kepulauan Bali); Kabupaten Brebes dan Kabupaten Jepara (Jawa Tengah); dan Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Jawa Timur).
Adapun sektor industri yang berpartisipasi, yaitu industri manufaktur (88 narasumber), industri ekonomi gig/buruh-ojol (80 narasumber), industri penerbangan (11 narasumber), industri perkebunan (30 narasumber), industri pertambangan (37 narasumber), dan industri perikanan (11 narasumber).
Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan aksi partisipatif yang mengintegrasikan metode campuran kuantitatif dan kualitatif.
Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini ditetapkan sebagai rumah tangga kelas buruh. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan teknik sampel nonprobabilitas (nonprobability sampling ) dengan metode snowballing (sampel bola salju).
Tim riset menjelaskan, pemilihan metode snowballing sampling didasarkan pada tidak tersedianya kerangka sampel resmi yang dapat diandalkan. Karena itu penelitian ini juga bermaksud untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah populasi rumah tangga yang tersembunyi tersebut.
Berikut alasan responden atau narasumber dalam mengambil utang:
Kebutuhan rumah tangga sehari-hari: 143 jawaban Pembelian alat kerja (sepeda motor, jarum jahit, masker, dan lainnya): 65 jawaban Biaya pendidikan anak (seragam, buku, tour , dan sebagainya): 54 jawaban Biaya perayaan hari keagamaan dan sosial (Ramadan, Lebaran, Natal, Waisak, pernikahan, kematian, khitanan, dan lainnya): 28 jawaban Membangun/membeli rumah: 25 jawaban Biaya kesehatan: 21 jawaban Bisnis/usaha: 16 jawaban Transfer rumah tangga: 8 jawaban Tabungan/investasi: 6 jawaban Membayar utang: 5 jawaban. (Baca juga: Tingkat Pengangguran Seluruh Provinsi RI Agustus 2024, Jabar Tertinggi )