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Tenaga Kerja Pertanian RI Menyusut, Bergeser ke Industri dan Jasa | Databoks Home Tenaga Kerja Pertanian RI Menyusut, Bergeser ke Industri dan Jasa Tenaga Kerja Pertanian RI Menyusut, Bergeser ke Industri dan Jasa Proporsi Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Berdasarkan Lapangan Usaha Utama (2013-2023) Sumber : Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), September 2024
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
1/10/2024, 14.50 WIB
Menurut data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), proporsi tenaga kerja pertanian Indonesia menyusut dalam sedekade terakhir.
Pada 2013 pekerja sektor pertanian mencapai 34,8% dari total jumlah tenaga kerja nasional. Namun, pada 2023 proporsinya turun menjadi 28,2%.
(Baca: Produksi Padi Indonesia Turun pada 2023, Terendah Sedekade )
Seiring dengan itu, selama periode 2013-2023 proporsi pekerja sektor industri naik dari 21% menjadi 22,2%. Proporsi pekerja sektor jasa juga meningkat dari 44,2% menjadi 49,6%.
Menurut BPS, hal ini mencerminkan adanya pergeseran pekerja dari sektor pertanian ke non-pertanian, yang salah satunya dipengaruhi perubahan struktur ekonomi Indonesia.
"Seiring dengan transformasi struktural dan modernisasi, struktur perekonomian Indonesia yang berbasis pertanian mengalami perubahan dan berdampak terhadap transisi tenaga kerja pertanian," tulis BPS dalam laporan Potensi Pertanian Indonesia (September 2024).
"Pertanian yang dulunya menjadi tulang punggung ekonomi semakin tertinggal di tengah pesatnya penggunaan teknologi dalam upaya efisiensi produksi," lanjutnya.
BPS juga menilai pergeseran ini dipengaruhi rendahnya produktivitas dan pendapatan di sektor pertanian, sehingga pekerjanya beralih ke sektor lain.
"Produktivitas pertanian yang rendah menunjukkan inefisiensi dalam penggunaan sumber daya dan tingginya biaya produksi, yang berimplikasi pada rendahnya pendapatan petani," kata BPS.
(Baca: Jumlah Petani di 38 Provinsi Indonesia Tahun 2023 )