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10 Negara dengan Pembunuhan Aktivis Lingkungan Tertinggi 2023 | Databoks Home 10 Negara dengan Pembunuhan Aktivis Lingkungan Tertinggi 2023 10 Negara dengan Pembunuhan Aktivis Lingkungan Tertinggi 2023 Jumlah Pembunuhan Terhadap Aktivis Lingkungan Berdasarkan 10 Negara Teratas (2023) Sumber : Global Witness, 10 September 2024
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
13/9/2024, 18.51 WIB
Laporan lembaga Global Witness mengungkapkan, pembunuhan terhadap aktivis lingkungan masih marak terjadi di dunia hingga 2023.
Sejak 2012 hingga 2023, Global Witness menghitung sedikitnya ada 2.106 aktivis lingkungan yang dibunuh. Pada 2023 saja ada 196 pembela lingkungan tewas.
Kolombia menjadi negara paling tak aman untuk aktivis lingkungan. Jumlah aktivis yang terbunuh di negara ini mencapai 79 orang pada 2023. Sementara secara akumulasi sejak 2012 hingga 2023 sebanyak 461 orang.
Global Witness menyebut, data 2023 setara 40% dari semua kasus pembunuhan yang dilaporkan.
"Ini adalah total tahunan tertinggi untuk negara mana pun yang didokumentasikan oleh Global Witness sejak kami mulai mendokumentasikan kasus pada 2012," tulis Global Witness dalam laporan yang dikutip Jumat (13/9/2024).
Global Witness juga menjelaskan, sebanyak 31 dari mereka yang terbunuh di Kolombia pada 2023 adalah masyarakat adat. Enam lainnya adalah anggota komunitas keturunan Afrika.
Negara dengan pembunuhan aktivis lingkungan terbanyak kedua adalah Brasil, sebanyak 25 orang pada 2023. Adapun akumulasi sejak 2012 hingga 2023 sebanyak 401 orang.
Ketiga, Honduras, dengan total pembunuhan aktivis sebanyak 18 pada 2023. Rekapitulasi selama 11 tahun mencapai 149 orang.
Selanjutnya ada Meksiko sebanyak 18 orang pada 2023. Disusul Filipina sebanyak 17 orang. Filipina menjadi satu-satunya dari Asia Tenggara yang masuk dalam daftar 10 besar ini.
Negara lainnya, yakni Nikaragua (10), India (5), Guatemala (4), Panama (4), dan Peru (4).
Perlindungan aktivis lingkungan di Indonesia
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) baru saja mengeluarkan Peraturan Menteri no. 10 tahun 2024 yang memberikan perlindungan terhadap pejuang lingkungan. Melansir Katadata, dalam aturan tersebut disebutkan bahwa orang yang memperjuangkan lingkungan hidup tidak bisa dipidana atau digugat perdata.
"Orang yang memperjuangkan lingkungan hidup tidak dapat dituntut secara pidana maupun digugat secara perdata," demikian dikutip dari pasal 2 Permen LHK no.10 tahun 2024, pada Jumat (13/9/2024).
Peraturan ini telah ditandatangani Menteri Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Siti Nurbaya pada 30 Agustus 2024 dan resmi diundangkan pada 4 September 2024.
Menanggapi hal itu, Public Engagement & Actions Manager Greenpeace Indonesia, Khalisa Khalid, mengatakan menyambut baik Permen LHK tersebut meski cukup terlambat.
Hal itu mengingat desakan dari organisasi lingkungan untuk adanya turunan regulasi dari pasal 66 UU PPLH telah sejak lama diusulkan, bahkan sejak awal-awal pemerintahan Presiden Jokowi.
"Draft Permen ini cukup lama mengendap, dan mengakibatkan semakin banyak pejuang lingkungan yang dikriminalisasi, ujarnya kepada Katadata, Kamis (12/9/2024).
(Baca juga: Ada 133 Kasus Ancaman Terhadap Aktivis Lingkungan Sedekade Terakhir )