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Diabetes Tipe 2 Paling Banyak Diderita Orang Indonesia pada 2023 | Databoks Home Diabetes Tipe 2 Paling Banyak Diderita Orang Indonesia pada 2023 Diabetes Tipe 2 Paling Banyak Diderita Orang Indonesia pada 2023 Proporsi Jenis Diabetes Melitus/DM Berdasarkan Diagnosis Dokter pada Penduduk Semua Umur (2023) Sumber : Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes), Juni 2024
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
26/7/2024, 11.14 WIB
Laporan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 dari Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes) menunjukkan, prevalensi diabetes melitus (DM) pada semua usia penduduk Indonesia mencapai 1,7% pada 2023.
Angka tersebubt didapatkan dari sampel (n) tertimbang sebesar 877.531 orang.
Sementara pada penduduk usia lebih dari atau sama dengan 15 tahun berdasarkan pemeriksaan kadar gula darah mencapai 11,7% dari (n) tertimbang 19.159 orang.
Menurut tipenya, terbanyak adalah diabetes tipe 2 sebanyak 50,2% dari total sampel (n) tertimbang sebesar 14.935 orang.
Jenis tersebut lebih banyak dialami penderita lansia, yakni 65-74 tahun sebesar 52,5%; 55-64 tahun sebesar 51,8%; dan 75 tahun ke atas sebesar 50,8%.
Jenis kedua, yakni DM tipe 1 sebesar 16,9%. Tipe ini paling banyak dialami anak-anak, yakni 5-14 tahun sebesar 55,7%; 15-24 tahun sebesar 29,3%; dan 35-44 tahun sebesar 19,9%.
Ketiga, DM gestasional sebesar 2,6%. Tipe ini lebih banyak dialami kelompok usia 25-34 tahun sebesar 3,8%; 35-44 tahun serta 65-74 tahun masing-masing 3%.
Sementara penderita yang menjawab tidak tahu terhimpun sebesar 30,3%.
Melansir laman Siloam Hospitals di bawah penilaian dokter spesialis penyakit dalam Sherrvy Eva, diabetes tipe 1 merupakan gangguan autoimun, yakni kondisi ketika antibodi yang seharusnya bekerja melindungi tubuh terhadap infeksi, malah berbalik menyerang sel tubuh itu sendiri.
"Dalam kasus diabetes tipe 1, yang dirusak adalah sel beta yang terdapat pada pankreas," tulis Siloam Hospitals, dikutip pada Jumat (26/7/2024).
Berbeda dengan tipe 2 yang produksi insulinnya berjalan normal. Namun, sensitivitas tubuh dalam merespons kadar gula darah menurun sehingga penggunaannya menjadi tidak maksimal.
Siloam Hospitals menyebut, umumnya kondisi ini lebih sering terjadi pada orang dewasa, terutama di atas 30 tahun. "Faktor gaya hidup, seperti kurang melakukan aktivitas fisik, stres, dan konsumsi makanan tinggi gula, penyebabnya," tulis tim Siloam.
Terakhir, gestasional, umumnya bersifat sementara. Penyakit ini dialami ibu hamil dan biasanya akan sembuh sendiri setelah melahirkan.
(Baca juga: Prevalensi Diabetes Indonesia Naik Jadi 11,7% pada 2023 )