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Prevalensi Kaki Gajah RI Capai 1,5% pada 2023, Papua Tengah Tertinggi | Databoks
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Prevalensi Kaki Gajah RI Capai 1,5% pada 2023, Papua Tengah Tertinggi

Prevalensi Penyakit Kaki Gajah/Filariasis pada Semua Umur Penduduk RI Menurut 10 Provinsi Teratas (2023)

Sumber : Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes), Juni 2024

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

23/7/2024, 16.39 WIB

Data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 dari Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes) mengungkapkan, prevalensi penyakit filariasis atau kaki gajah terhadap semua umur penduduk Indonesia mencapai 1,5% pada tahun lalu.

Angka itu didapatkan dari pemeriksaan terhadap sampel (n) tertimbang sebesar 877.531 orang.

Papua Tengah menjadi provinsi dengan prevalensi kaki gajah tertinggi nasional, yakni 4,8% dari (n) tertimbang sebesar 4.577 orang.

Selanjutnya ada Kalimantan Tengah dan Papua dengan prevalensi sama besar, yakni 2,7%. Adapun (n) tertimbang Kalimantan Tengah sebesar 8.737 dan Papua 3.299 orang.

Disusul Bangka Belitung sebesar 2,5% dari (n) tertimbang sebesar 4.763 dan Papua Pegunungan sebesar 2,4% dari (n) tertimbang 4.563.

Di luar lima besar itu, ada Sulawesi Barat dengan prevalensi 2,3%; Papua Barat 2,3%; Papua Selatan 2,3%; Aceh 2,1%; dan Maluku Utara 2,1%.

Sementara prevalensi kaki gajah terkecil terdapat di Nusa Tenggara Barat 0,9%; Bali 0,9%; dan Kalimantan Utara 1,1%.

Melansir laman Siloam Hospitals, penyakit kaki gajah merupakan penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh cacing filariasis. Penyakit ini disebut bersifat kronis, karena dapat menyebabkan pembengkakan ringan ataupun pembengkakan akut.

"Pembengkakan tersebut bisa terjadi pada kelenjar getah bening di bagian tubuh mana saja seperti, kaki, tangan, maupun wajah," tulis Siloam Hospitals di bawah penilaian Shelly Laksmisari, dokter spesialis penyakit dalam, dikutip pada Selasa (23/7/2024).

Gejala kaki gajah lainnya di antaranya urine yang menyerupai air susu, tubuh terasa lemah, dan gangguan pada hati. 

Penyakit ini menular melalui gigitan nyamuk pada manusia yang sehat. Cacing filaria yang dibawa oleh nyamuk akan memasuki pembuluh getah bening saat nyamuk menggigit manusia.

"Bisa dikatakan bahwa penyakit kaki gajah atau filariasis adalah penyakit infeksi yang berbahaya, sebab nyamuk pembawanya bisa berasal dari setiap varian jenis nyamuk," tulis Siloam Hospitals.

Berikut prevalensi penyakit kaki gajah berdasarkan provinsi lengkap di Indonesia pada 2023:

  • Aceh 2,1%
  • Sumatera Utara 1,4%
  • Sumatera Barat 1,8%
  • Riau 1,8%
  • Jambi 1,5%
  • Sumatera Selatan 1,7%
  • Bengkulu 1,6%
  • Lampung 1,9%
  • Bangka Belitung 2,5%
  • Kepulauan Riau 1,3%
  • DKI Jakarta 1,2%
  • Jawa Barat 1,5%
  • Jawa Tengah 1,5%
  • DI Yogyakarta 1,4%
  • Jawa Timur 1,2%
  • Banten 1,6%
  • Bali 0,9%
  • Nusa Tenggara Barat 0,9%
  • Nusa Tenggara Timur 1,9%
  • Kalimantan Barat 1,5%
  • Kalimantan Tengah 2,7%
  • Kalimantan Selatan 1,9%
  • Kalimantan Timur 1,9%
  • Kalimantan Utara 1,1%
  • Sulawesi Utara 1,3%
  • Sulawesi Tengah 1,4%
  • Sulawesi Selatan 1,2%
  • Sulawesi Tenggara 1,7%
  • Gorontalo 1,6%
  • Sulawesi Barat 2,3%
  • Maluku 1,9%
  • Maluku Utara 2,1%
  • Papua Barat 2,3%
  • Papua Barat Daya 1,7%
  • Papua 2,7%
  • Papua Selatan 2,3%
  • Papua Tengah 4,8%
  • Papua Pegunungan 2,4%

(Baca juga: Balita dan Remaja Awal Paling Banyak Terkena DBD pada 2023)

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