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Potensi Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove di Dumai Sentuh Rp104 Miliar | Databoks
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Potensi Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove di Dumai Sentuh Rp104 Miliar

Rincian Potensi Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove di Dumai Berdasarkan Nilai Guna dan Non-Guna (2019)

Sumber : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan,

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Penulis: Nabilah Muhamad

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

3/7/2024, 14.49 WIB

Ekowisata hutan mangrove Bandar Bakau Dumai yang terletak di Jalan Nelayan Laut Ujung, Dumai Barat, Riau, tak sekadar menjaga tanah dari erosi, tapi juga memiliki nilai ekonomi yang cukup besar bagi masyarakat setempat. 

Penelitian Wahyu N. Wanda, Aras Mulyadi, dan Efriyeldi pada 2019 menunjukkan, potensi ekonomi dari hutan mangrove di Dumai mencapai Rp104,60 miliar.

Angka tersebut berasal dari nilai guna dan non-guna. Total nilai guna sebesar Rp103,710 miliar, dihitung dari nilai guna langsung seperti pemanfaatan kayu bakau, ikan belanak, udang, dan kepiting bakau yang ditaksir mencapai Rp97,25 miliar.

Lalu nilai guna tidak langsung sebesar Rp4,61 miliar, serta nilai pilihan rekreasi yang diukur dari besarnya pemanfaatan mangrove sebagai tempat rekreasi sebesar Rp1,83 miliar.

Sementara, total nilai non-guna diproyeksikan sebesar Rp893,44 juta. Ini terdiri dari nilai keberadaan dan nilai pewarisan dihitung berdasarkan ketersediaan membayar WTP (willingness to pay), masing-masing sebanyak Rp670,08 juta dan Rp223,36 juta.

Jika dibandingkan, nilai guna langsung lebih besar dari nilai non-guna. Menurut laporan, hal ini lantaran masyarakat masih menganggap bahwa hutan mangrove perlu dieksploitasi semaksimal mungkin untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan warga. 

Sedangkan rendahnya nilai non-guna disebabkan oleh kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya nilai ekonomi sumber daya alam dan lingkungan. 

“Hal ini juga diduga karena telah terjadi pergeseran nilai-nilai pelestarian di tingkat masyarakat serta berkurangnya jasa ekosistem yang diberikan oleh hutan mangrove kepada masyarakat sekitar pesisir,” tulis tim riset dalam jurnal Valuasi Ekonomi Ekosistem Hutan Mangrove di Kawasan Kota Dumai Provinsi Riau pada 2019.

Riset ini juga mengungkap bahwa hutan mangrove tersebut merupakan ekosistem yang penting dan strategis bagi kehidupan masyarakat di sekitar pesisir Kota Dumai. 

Adapun penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Lalu valuasi ekonomi ekosistem mangrove Dumai dihitung menggunakan total economic value (TEV) yang terdiri dari analisis guna langsung berdasarkan harga pasar. 

(Baca: Total Mangrove Indonesia 20,37% dari Luas Dunia, Sebagian Besar dengan Kondisi Lebat)

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