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59% Penyebab Disabilitas Berasal dari Penyakit, Ini Jenisnya | Databoks
IKLAN

59% Penyebab Disabilitas Berasal dari Penyakit, Ini Jenisnya

Proporsi Responden terhadap Jenis Penyakit yang Menyebabkan Disabilitas (2023)*

Sumber : Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes), Juni 2024

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Disalin..
IKLAN

Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

27/6/2024, 17.27 WIB

Hasil penilikan Kementerian Kesehatan (Kemenkes) dalam Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 mengungkap, penyebab disabilitas terjadi karena sejumlah faktor.

Disabilitas ini mencakup kemampuan melihat, mendengar, dan berjalan pada penduduk berusia 15 tahun ke atas.

Mayoritas atau 59% responden menyebut penyebab disabilitasnya karena penyakit. Lalu ada 26% karena kecelakaan atau cedera atau kekerasan; 14% karena kelainan bawaan; dan 1% tidak tahu.

Berdasarkan asal penyakitnya, lebih banyak responden yang mengalami penyakit atau kelainan bawaan sebesar 46,9%. Terbesar selanjutnya hipertensi dengan proporsi 22,2%.

Ada juga stroke dengan proporsi 20,2%. Kemudian ada katarak sebesar 19,5%; diabetes 10,5%; dan kanker 0,6%.

Kemenkes menghitung, 53,5% dari faktor penyakit itu tergolong penyakit tidak menular (PTM). PTM diakibatkan oleh kombinasi sejumlah faktor, baik genetik, fisiologis, lingkungan, perilaku, serta asupan nutrisi.

(Baca juga: NTB, Provinsi yang Paling Banyak Melakukan Skrining Penyakit Tidak Menular 2023)

Kemenkes menyoroti hipertensi dan diabetes yang memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi di Indonesia. Angka prevalensi hipertensi tercatat sebesar 34,1% dalam Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018, turun menjadi 30,8% dalam SKI 2023.

Sementara angka prevalensi diabetes justru meningkat, dari 10,9% dalam Rikesdas 2018 menjadi 11,7% pada SKI 2023.

"Penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes terutama menjadi perhatian karena prevalensinya yang tinggi serta perannya sebagai faktor risiko utama penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah," tulis Kemenkes dalam laporannya yang dikutip Kamis (27/6/2024).

SKI 2023 merupakan riset lanjutan dari Riskesdas 2018 yang dilakukan Kemenkes bersama Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan (BKPK).

Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, pengukuran dan pemeriksaan. Sebagian besar atau sekitar 75% indikator kesehatan utama yang telah dikumpulkan pada 2007, 2013, dan 2018 yang lalu diukur kembali pada 2023 dengan penambahan indikator.

(Baca juga: Prevalensi Obesitas Perempuan Lebih Tinggi dari Laki-Laki di Indonesia)

IKLAN