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Permintaan Baterai Kendaraan Listrik China Tertinggi pada 2023 | Databoks
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Permintaan Baterai Kendaraan Listrik China Tertinggi pada 2023

Volume Permintaan Baterai Kendaraan Listrik Berdasarkan Negara/Wilayah Utama (2023)

Sumber : International Energy Agency (IEA), 2024

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

14/6/2024, 19.20 WIB

Data yang dihimpun International Energy Agency (IEA) menunjukkan, China menjadi negara dengan permintaan baterai kendaraan listrik tertinggi global pada 2023. Volumenya mencapai 417 gigawatt hour (GWh) per tahun.

Angka itu naik dari 2022 yang mencapai 314 GWh per tahun dan 2021 sebesar 179 GWh per tahun.

Kedua terbesar adalah kelompok Eropa dengan volume 185 GWh per tahun. Sama seperti China, permintaan baterai wilayah ini juga melonjak dari 2022 yang sebesar 129 GWh per tahun dan 93 GWh per tahun.

Selanjutnya, Amerika Serikat sebesar 99 GWh per tahun. Kebutuhannya meningkat dari 2022 yang sebesar 70 GWh per tahun dan 2021 sebesar 38 GWh per tahun.

Negara lainnya terhimpun sebesar 71 GWh pada 2023. Naik dari 2022 yang sebesar 41 GWh per tahun dan 2021 sebesar 21 GWh per tahun.

IEA menjelaskan, permintaan baterai berbanding lurus dengan pertumbuhan penjualan mobil listrik yang memang meningkat beberapa tahun terakhir.

Permintaan baterai electric vehicle (EV) mencapai lebih dari 750 GWh pada 2023, naik 40% dibandingkan dengan 2022, meskipun tingkat pertumbuhan tahunan sedikit melambat dibandingkan dengan 2021-2022.

IEA menerangkan, mobil listrik menyumbang 95% dari pertumbuhan ini. Ini karena penjualan mobil listrik yang lebih tinggi. Sementara sekitar 5% berasal dari ukuran baterai rata-rata yang lebih besar karena meningkatnya pangsa sport utility vehicle (SUV) dalam penjualan mobil listrik.

Meski permintaan baterai China tertinggi, IEA menyebut Amerika Serikat dan Eropa mengalami pertumbuhan tercepat di antara pasar mobil listrik utama, mencapai lebih dari 40% dari tahun ke tahun. Sedangkan China sekitar 35%.

"Namun demikian, Amerika Serikat tetap menjadi pasar terkecil di antara ketiganya, dengan sekitar 100 GWh pada tahun 2023, dibandingkan dengan 185 GWh di Eropa dan 415 GWh di China," tulis IEA dalam lamannya dikutip pada Jumat (14/6/2024).

(Baca juga: Mayoritas EV China Pakai Baterai LFP, Eropa dan AS Baterai Nikel)

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Energi