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Standar Upah Layak Jakarta Termasuk Rendah di Antara Ibu Kota Negara Asia Tenggara | Databoks Home Standar Upah Layak Jakarta Termasuk Rendah di Antara Ibu Kota Negara Asia Tenggara Standar Upah Layak Jakarta Termasuk Rendah di Antara Ibu Kota Negara Asia Tenggara Besaran Upah Layak Ibu Kota Negara di Asia Tenggara (2023)* Sumber : WageIndicator Foundation, Gajimu, 20 Mei 2024
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
20/5/2024, 20.40 WIB
Data WageIndicator yang diolah Gajimu menunjukkan, DKI Jakarta termasuk ibu kota negara dengan upah layak yang tergolong rendah di antara ibu kota lainnya di kawasan Asia Tenggara pada 2023.
Upah layak ini mengambil Upah Minimum Provinsi (UMP) DKI Jakarta yang sebesar Rp4,9 juta pada 2023. Nilai itu membuat DKI Jakarta menempati urutan tiga terbawah dari sembilan ibu kota yang disurvei.
Sementara upah layak terendah di bawah DKI Jakarta ada Hanoi, Vietnam, sebesar Rp4,56 juta dan Vientiane, Laos sebesar Rp2,28 juta per bulan.
Nilai upah layak Jakarta jauh dengan Singapura, Singapura yang menempati urutan pertama sebesar Rp30,46 juta per bulan pada 2023. Urutan kedua, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam, sebesar Rp10,22 juta. Disusul urutan ketiga, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Rp6,41 juta per bulan.
Di bawah tiga besar itu ada Phnom Penh, Kamboja, sebesar Rp5,76 juta; Bangkok, Thailand sebesar Rp5,68 juta; dan Manila, Filipina sebesar Rp4,95 juta.
Sebagai catatan, upah layak masing-masing negara sudah dikonversi ke rupiah.
(Baca juga: Daftar Negara dengan Kesenjangan Gaji Gender Terparah pada 2022 )
WageIndicator biasanya menentukan upah layak lebih tinggi dari upah minimun di suatu negara. Hanya 26 negara saja yang mempunyai upah minimum nasional lebih tinggi dari perhitungan upah layak WageIndicator per April 2024.
"Apabila nilai upah layak yang dihitung oleh WageIndicator lebih kecil dari upah minimum di wilayah tertentu, maka WageIndicator hanya akan fokus pada nilai upah minimumnya saja, seperti yang terjadi di Jakarta," kata tim riset WageIndicator yang dikutip Gajimu, Senin (20/5/2024).
Definisi upah layak yang ditetapkan WageIndicator adalah upah yang dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dasar keluarga di tempat wilayah domisilinya. Asumsi keluarga itu terdiri atas dua orang dewasa dengan jumlah anak dalam sebuah keluarga ditentukan oleh tingkat kesuburan spesifik negara (yang di Indonesia sebanyak dua anak).
Salah satu dari dua orang dewasa yang dimaksud tersebut diasumsikan bekerja penuh waktu (40 jam/minggu), sementara orang dewasa kedua bekerja paruh waktu 3-4 hari per minggu. Upah gabungan yang diperoleh dua orang dewasa, masing-masing menerima upah layak, dirancang untuk memenuhi standar hidup layak bagi keluarga. Perhitungan ini tidak termasuk lembur, bonus, atau tunjangan lainnya.
Selain itu, ada 12 komponen yang digunakan, di antaranya makanan, air, perumahan, energi, transportasi, pendidikan anak, kesehatan, pakaian, telepon, biaya tak terduga, pajak dan jaminan sosial.
Berikut rincian upah layak sejumlah ibu kota kawasan Asia Tenggara yang dihimpun WageIndicator:
Singapura (Singapura): Rp30.467.000 Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Darussalam): Rp10.229.000 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia): Rp6.410.000 Phnom Penh (Kamboja): Rp5.769.000 Bangkok (Thailand): Rp5.682.000 Manila (Filipina): Rp4.951.000 Jakarta (Indonesia): Rp4.901.000 Hanoi (Vietnam): Rp4.568.000 Vientiane (Laos): Rp2.285.000. (Baca juga: 10 Provinsi dengan Rerata Upah Buruh Tertinggi Nasional Awal 2024, DKI Jakarta Teratas )