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Terigu, Sumber Kalori Terbesar ke-2 Masyarakat Indonesia | Databoks
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Terigu, Sumber Kalori Terbesar ke-2 Masyarakat Indonesia

Rata-rata Asupan Kalori Harian Masyarakat Indonesia Berdasarkan Jenis Pangan (2023)

Sumber : Badan Pangan Nasional, Maret 2024

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

18/4/2024, 12.46 WIB

Terigu merupakan bahan pangan pokok alternatif selain beras. Komoditas ini biasa dikonsumsi dalam bentuk mie, roti, kue, biskuit, gorengan, dan sebagainya.

Menurut data Badan Pangan Nasional (Bapanas), terigu menjadi salah satu sumber kalori atau asupan energi utama bagi masyarakat Indonesia.

Bapanas mencatat, pada 2023 rata-rata masyarakat Indonesia mengonsumsi makanan dengan total kandungan energi 2.088 kilokalori (kkal)/kapita/hari.

Dari jumlah tersebut, sekitar 12,4% atau 258 kkal/kapita/hari berasal dari konsumsi terigu.

Hal ini menjadikan terigu sebagai sumber kalori terbesar ke-2 bagi masyarakat Indonesia, setelah beras.

Pada 2023 konsumsi beras secara rata-rata menyumbang 926 kkal/kapita/hari atau 44,3% dari total kalori harian masyarakat.

Sementara asupan energi dari konsumsi sayur, buah, daging, dan bahan pangan lainnya lebih rendah seperti terlihat pada grafik.

Pasokan Terigu Terancam Berkurang

Adapun kini Indonesia berisiko kekurangan pasokan terigu. Sebabnya, sejumlah produsen terigu lokal terancam kehabisan stok bahan baku yang bernama "premiks fortifikan".

Menurut Asosiasi Produsen Tepung Terigu Indonesia (Aptindo), premiks fortifikan adalah bahan baku penolong dalam pembuatan terigu yang berfungsi memberikan zat gizi.

Ketua Umum Aptindo Farnciscus Welirang mengungkapkan, biasanya produsen terigu lokal memperoleh bahan baku tersebut melalui impor.

Namun, mulai tahun ini pasokannya bisa terhambat karena ada peraturan baru yang memperketat impor premiks fortifikan.

"Sesuai dengan Permendag Nomor 36 Tahun 2023 dan Permendag Nomor 3 Tahun 2024, impor premiks fortifikan harus mendapatkan PI (Persetujuan Impor) dan LS (Laporan Surveyor) Namun, peraturan teknisnya belum ada," ujar Franciscus, dilansir Katadata, Kamis (18/4/2024).

Franciscus menjelaskan, premiks fortifikan adalah bahan baku wajib dalam pembuatan tepung terigu berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).

Tanpa bahan baku tersebut, terigu bisa kehilangan berbagai zat gizi seperti zat besi, zinc, asam folat, dan vitamin B.

Franciscus pun memperkirakan, produksi terigu nasional bisa berkurang lebih dari 50% jika belum ada solusi terkait pengadaan premiks fortifikan.

"Pilihan produsen hanya dua, yaitu menghentikan produksi terigu saat premiks fortifikan habis, atau terus memproduksi terigu tanpa premiks fortifikan yang berarti melanggar SNI," ujarnya.

(Baca: Mengapa Indofood hingga Wilmar Terancam Kehabisan Bahan Baku Terigu?)

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