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45% Jurnalis RI Alami Kekerasan pada 2023, Intimidasi hingga Ancaman Pembunuhan | Databoks
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45% Jurnalis RI Alami Kekerasan pada 2023, Intimidasi hingga Ancaman Pembunuhan

Proporsi Jenis Kekerasan yang Diterima Jurnalis saat Bekerja ( 22 Januari-13 Februari 2024)

Sumber : Populix, 28 Maret 2024

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

30/3/2024, 13.10 WIB

Hasil riset TIFA Foundation dan Populix menunjukkan, 45% responden jurnalis pernah mengalami kekerasan saat bekerja. Kekerasan ini lebih banyak dialami jurnalis perempuan.

Berdasarkan bentuk kekerasannya, jurnalis paling banyak mendapatkan pelarangan liputan, yakni 46% dari total responden atau 112 jurnalis. Menyusul urutan kedua, yakni pelarangan pemberitaan yang dialami 41% responden.

Ketiga, teror dan intimidasi yang dialami 39% responden jurnalis. Keempat, 31% jurnalis pernah diminta untuk menghapus hasil liputannya.

Selebihnya ada ancaman pembunuhan (24%), kekerasan fisik (21%). perusakan atau perampasan alat (19%), dan serangan digital (17%).

Oslan Purba, Direktur Eksekutif Yayasan TIFA menyebut keselamatan jurnalis Indonesia masih belum sepenuhnya terjamin. Menurutnya, ancaman terhadap keselamatan jurnalis itu terutama datang dari negara dan organisasi masyarakat (ormas).

Rinciannya, jurnalis menilai potensi ancaman keselamatan berasal dari ormas (29%); negara melalui polisi (26%); pejabat pemerintah (22%); aktor politik (14%); hingga perusahan media itu sendiri (7%). Sisanya, 4%, menyebut aktor lainnya.

Survei dilakukan dalam rangka mengukur Indeks Keselamatan Jurnalis yang dilakukan TIFA, sebagai bagian dari Konsorsium Jurnalisme Aman, bersama PPMN dan HRWG, berkolaborasi dengan Populix dan didukung oleh Kedutaan Belanda. Tercatat, indeks keselamatannya sebesar 59,8 dari 100 poin atau masuk dalam kategori “agak terlindungi.”

Survei ini menyasar 536 responden jurnalis aktif. Dari jumlah responden tersebut, 67% di antaranya laki-laki dan 33% perempuan. Berdasarkan generasi, mayoritas merupakan milenial atau 28-43 tahun (66%); gen X dan boomer atau 44-60 tahun (21%); dan gen Z tau 17-22 tahun (16%).

Berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan, lebih banyak lulusan sarjana S1 (66%); akademi dan setingkatnya (21%); SMA (9%); dan sarjana S2 (4%). Status pekerjaannya lebih banyak jurnalis penuh waktu (45%); jurnalis kontrak (36%); dan kontributor (19%).

Mereka tersebar di Pulau Jawa (44%); Sumatera (19%); Kalimantan (9%); Sulawesi (9%); Maluku-Maluku Utara (8%); Bali-Nusa Tenggara (6%); dan Papua (5%).

Pengumpulan data melalui survei untuk Indeks Keselamatan Jurnalis dilakukan pada 22 Januari-13 Februari 2024 dengan metode self-filling oleh para jurnalis.

Ada dua metode pengumpulan data, yakni kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pada pengumpulan data kuantitatif, tim riset tidak hanya menyurvei, tetapi juga mengambil data sekunder berupa data kekerasan terhadap jurnalis yang dihimpun oleh Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI) Indonesia sebelumnya. Sementara data kualitatifnya dengan mengadakan focus group discussion (FGD) dan in-depth interview dengan sejumlah stakeholder di bidang jurnalistik.

(Baca juga: Ada 61 Kasus Kekerasan terhadap Jurnalis pada 2022, Pelakunya Mayoritas Polisi)

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