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Afghanistan hingga Irak, Negara Paling Tak Aman untuk Perempuan 2023 | Databoks
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Afghanistan hingga Irak, Negara Paling Tak Aman untuk Perempuan 2023

10 Negara dengan Skor Indeks Perempuan, Perdamaian, dan Keamanan/WPS Terendah (2023)

Sumber : Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace and Security, 2023

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

24/3/2024, 15.40 WIB

Afghanistan menjadi negara yang dinilai tidak aman, tidak adil, dan tidak inklusif untuk perempuan.

Hal tersebut berdasarkan penilaian dari Georgetown Institute for Women, Peace, and Security bersama PRIO Centre on Gender, Peace, and Security melalui indeks perempuan, perdamaian, dan keamanan (women, peace, and security/WPS).

Melalui pengukuran indeks tersebut, nilai Afghanistan hanya sebesar 0,286 poin dari skala 0-1 poin. Nilai ini berjarak tiga kali lipat dengan Denmark yang berada di posisi pertama sebagai negara yang dinilai paling aman, adil, dan inklusif untuk perempuan, sebesar 0,932 poin. 

Afganistan mendapat skor terendah dalam berbagai indikator, termasuk soal keadilan yang hanya memperoleh skor 0,37 poin. Tim riset sebut rendahnya skor karena rezim opresif Taliban yang sangat membatasi kemampuan perempuan untuk mendapatkan keadilan. Bahkan pada April 2023, Taliban melarang pekerja bantuan perempuan dan semenjak itu perempuan menghadapi pelecehan, intimidasi, dan penahanan.

Kedua, Yemen, sebesar 0,287 poin. Posisinya disusul oleh Afrika Tengah sebesar 0,378 poin.

Kemudian ada Republik Kongo sebesar 0,384 poin dan Sudan Selatan sebesar 0,388 poin.

Sisanya ada Burundi, Suriah, Eswatini, Somalia, hingga Irak seperti terlampir pada grafik.

Tim riset menuturkan, dunia saat ini sedang bergulat dengan darurat iklim, bangkitnya kekuatan otoriter dan antidemokrasi, pengungsian paksa dalam skala besar, konflik bersenjata, dan berbagai dampak pandemi Covid-19.

Krisis yang semakin rumit dan berlapis-lapis ini, kata tim riset, melemahkan status perempuan dan mengancam kemunduran proses yang telah dicapai selama beberapa dekade.

"Indeks WPS memperkuat prioritas investasi pada perempuan sebagai hal yang penting untuk melindungi keamanan dan kesejahteraan semua orang. Kesejahteraan perempuan dan kesejahteraan negara berjalan beriringan," kata tim riset dalam laporan yang dikutip pada Minggu (24/3/2024).

Indeks WPS mencakup 13 indikator status perempuan yang diklasifikasikan dalam tiga dimensi, yakni inklusi (ekonomi, sosial, politik); keadilan (diskriminasi formal dan informal); dan keamanan (di tingkat individu, komunitas, dan masyarakat). Total negara yang diteliti sebanyak 177 negara. 

Data penilaian kinerja berasal dari sumber terbaru dan bereputasi tinggi seperti PBB, Bank Dunia, Gallup World Poll, dan banyak lagi.

Berikut rincian negara dengan skor indeks WPS terendah dunia 2023:

  • Afghanistan 0,286 poin
  • Yaman 0,287 poin
  • Rep. Afrika Tengah 0,378 poin
  • Rep. Dem. Kongo 0,384 poin
  • Sudan Selatan 0,388 poin
  • Burundi 0,394 poin
  • Suriah 0,407 poin
  • Eswatini 0,415 poin
  • Somalia 0,417 poin
  • Irak 0,424 poin.

(Baca juga: 10 Negara yang Inklusif dan Aman untuk Perempuan 2023, Ada Indonesia?)

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