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Pergerakan Emisi Metana dari Batu Bara RI, Naik Agresif Selama Dua Dekade | Databoks
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Pergerakan Emisi Metana dari Batu Bara RI, Naik Agresif Selama Dua Dekade

Persentase Perubahan Emisi Metana Sektor Energi Batu Bara Indonesia (2001-2019)

Sumber : Ember Climate, 11 Maret 2024

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

20/3/2024, 06.00 WIB

Data yang diolah lembaga riset energi Inggris, Ember Climate menunjukkan, pergerakan emisi metana dari sektor batu bara Indonesia meningkat secara signifikan selama hampir dua dekade terakhir.

Dalam laporannya, persentase perubahan emisi dari 2000 ke 2001 sebesar 20% metana lapisan batu bara atau GBM.

Sedekade selanjutnya atau 2010, perubahannya menjadi 257%. Meski konsisten naik, penurunan perubahan pernah terjadi pada 2013-2014 seperti terlihat pada grafik.

Data terakhir pada 2019, persentase perubahan emisinya tembus 700%. Rekor tertinggi selama hampir dua dekade.

Lebih cepat naik dibanding subsektor energi lain

Ember menjelaskan, Indonesia melaporkan 128 kt CH4 dari tambang batu bara yang berada di permukaan. Ini termasuk dalam kategori emisi fugitif dari bahan bakar fosil padat (1B1), berdasarkan referensi gas rumah kaca (GRK) UNFCCC.

Emisi fugitif mengacu pada pelepasan gas yang tidak disengaja, seperti metana yang muncul selama kegiatan penambangan.

"Estimasi metana tambang batu bara permukaan yang dilaporkan relatif kecil dibandingkan dengan emisi fugitif dari sub-sektor minyak dan gas sebesar 554 kt CH4," tulis Ember dalam laporannya yang dipublikasikan pada Senin (11/3/2024).

Emisi metana batu bara atau CMM yang dilaporkan telah meningkat dengan cepat. Ember menyebut, sejak 2000 lalu emisi CMM secara rata-rata telah meningkat sebesar 12% per tahun. Ini sekaligus menjadikannya sumber emisi dengan pertumbuhan tercepat di sektor energi.

Ember melihat saat ini emisi CMM memang masih tergolong kecil di sektor energi. Namun seiring dengan penurunan emisi fugitif dari sub-sektor minyak dan gas, CMM tetap patut menjadi perhatian.

"CMM diperkirakan akan menjadi penghasil metana utama di sektor energi bahkan dengan estimasi saat ini yang masih berlaku," kata tim riset.

(Baca juga: Emisi Metana Dunia yang Terdeteksi Satelit Meningkat pada 2023)

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Energi