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Riset: Program Makan Gratis Bisa Ciptakan Lapangan Kerja | Databoks Home Riset: Program Makan Gratis Bisa Ciptakan Lapangan Kerja Riset: Program Makan Gratis Bisa Ciptakan Lapangan Kerja Estimasi Jumlah Lapangan Kerja yang Tercipta dari Program Makan Gratis di Sekolah (2022)* Sumber : World Food Progamme, 2023
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
26/2/2024, 19.58 WIB
Program makan gratis di sekolah atau school feeding bisa menciptakan beragam lapangan kerja.
Hal ini tercatat dalam laporan The State of School Feeding Worldwide 2022 dari World Food Programme (WFP).
WFP mendefinisikan school feeding sebagai penyediaan makanan untuk anak-anak melalui program berbasis sekolah.
Program tersebut dapat berupa pemberian makan secara langsung di lingkungan sekolah, bantuan tunai untuk belanja makanan, atau paket makanan yang bisa dibawa pulang.
"Pemberian makanan di sekolah dapat berdampak pada setidaknya empat sektor, yaitu pertanian, pendidikan, kesehatan, dan perlindungan sosial," kata WFP dalam laporannya.
Menurut WFP, anak-anak yang mendapat asupan gizi baik bisa belajar dengan lebih baik, lebih berpeluang mengoptimalkan potensinya saat dewasa, dan meningkatkan prospek penghasilan mereka.
WFP juga menilai program makan gratis di sekolah bisa memberi manfaat langsung bagi petani kecil, mendukung produksi pangan dan perekonomian lokal, serta menopang adanya pasar makanan yang beragam dan bergizi.
WFP mengestimasikan, dari setiap 100.000 anak yang menerima program makan gratis, setidaknya ada 1.377 lapangan kerja yang tercipta.
Pekerja yang paling banyak dibutuhkan adalah koki atau juru masak, yakni 1.310 pekerja per 100.000 anak penerima program.
"Sebagian besar pekerjaan terkait dengan penyiapan makanan, sehingga memberi keuntungan bagi juru masak dan usaha katering kecil, yang sebagian besar dilakoni perempuan," kata WFP dalam laporannya.
Selain itu, untuk setiap 100.000 anak penerima manfaat, program makan gratis membutuhkan 24 pekerja di bidang pengemasan, 14 pengantar makanan, 11 inspektur pengawas keamanan makanan, 8 pekerja bidang pengolahan makanan, 7 pekerja bidang pemantauan/monitoring, dan 2 pekerja level manajemen.
WFP memperoleh angka-angka di atas dari riset terhadap 85 negara yang menerapkan school feeding pada 2022, dengan melibatkan sampel negara berpenghasilan rendah, menengah, dan tinggi.
"Data ini hanya mencakup pekerjaan yang tercipta secara langsung dari program makan gratis di sekolah, belum termasuk pekerjaan atau bisnis yang terdampak secara tidak langsung," kata mereka.
(Baca: Banyak Negara Punya Kebijakan Makan Gratis, Indonesia Ketinggalan )