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Apa Toleransi di Indonesia Membaik? Ini Risetnya | Databoks
IKLAN

Apa Toleransi di Indonesia Membaik? Ini Risetnya

Rata-rata Skor Indeks Kota Toleran (IKT) Nasional (2015-2022)

Sumber : Setara Institute, 2023

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Disalin..
IKLAN

Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

1/2/2024, 11.06 WIB

Kualitas toleransi di kota-kota Indonesia secara umum tak banyak berubah dalam beberapa tahun terakhir.

Hal ini terlihat dari skor Indeks Kota Toleran (IKT) yang disusun Setara Institute.

IKT adalah indeks yang menunjukkan kinerja pemerintah kota dan masyarakat dalam mengelola kerukunan, toleransi, wawasan kebangsaan, dan inklusi sosial.

Setara Institute mengukur IKT di 94 kota Indonesia menggunakan 8 indikator, yaitu:

  • Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah (RPJMD);
  • Kebijakan diskriminatif;
  • Peristiwa intoleransi;
  • Dinamika masyarakat sipil;
  • Pernyataan publik pemerintah kota;
  • Tindakan nyata pemerintah kota;
  • Heterogenitas agama; dan
  • Inklusi sosial keagamaan.

Hasilnya kemudian dirumuskan ke dalam skor berskala 1-7, dengan pemaknaan berikut:

  • Skor 1: Sangat tidak toleran
  • Skor 2: Tidak toleran
  • Skor 3: Cukup tidak toleran
  • Skor 4: Netral
  • Skor 5: Cukup toleran
  • Skor 6: Toleran
  • Skor 7: Sangat toleran

Pada 2015, rata-rata skor IKT secara nasional mencapai 4,75, masuk kategori "netral".

Kemudian angkanya berfluktuasi, hingga rata-rata skornya menjadi 5,03 pada 2022, masuk kategori "cukup toleran".

Kendati ada kenaikan skor, Setara Institute menilai perbaikannya tidak signifikan, bahkan cenderung stagnan.

"Grafik skor rerata IKT sejak 2015 sampai 2022 masih berada di antara angka 4 dan 5, mengindikasikan stagnasi pengelolaan toleransi di kota-kota Indonesia," tulis Setara Institute dalam laporan Indeks Kota Toleran 2022.

Namun, Setara Institute menyatakan stagnasi ini tidak terjadi secara merata. Ada beberapa kota yang indeks toleransinya naik, sedangkan sebagian kota lain indeksnya turun.

Menurut Setara Institute, penurunan skor IKT umumnya dipicu dua hal, yaitu menguatnya identitas sosio-kultural, serta melemahnya dimensi legal struktural kota dalam menjamin kebebasan beragama.

"Ada kecenderungan di masyarakat untuk mengedepankan identitas keagamaan dengan mengklaimnya sebagai kesepakatan publik, yang kemudian mendorong pemerintah kota untuk turut bersepakat ke dalam sikap-sikap intoleran," kata mereka.

(Baca: Rawan Kena Diskriminasi, Ini Kelompok Sosial yang Tak Disukai Masyarakat Indonesia)

IKLAN