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Ini Perkembangan Daya Saing SDM Indonesia 5 Tahun Terakhir | Databoks
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Ini Perkembangan Daya Saing SDM Indonesia 5 Tahun Terakhir

Skor Daya Saing SDM Indonesia menurut IMD World Talent Ranking (2019-2023)

Sumber : Institute for Management Development (IMD) , 2023

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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

26/1/2024, 16.00 WIB

Daya saing sumber daya manusia (SDM) Indonesia merosot sejak pandemi Covid-19, dan baru mulai menguat lagi pada 2023.

Hal ini terlihat dari laporan World Talent Ranking yang dirilis Institute for Management Development (IMD), lembaga riset asal Swiss.

(Baca: Penduduk Bekerja Indonesia Didominasi Lulusan SD ke Bawah)

IMD menilai daya saing SDM melalui tiga indikator besar, yaitu investasi dan pengembangan SDM dalam negeri (investment and development); kemampuan negara menarik SDM terampil dari luar negeri (appeal); dan tingkat kesiapan SDM secara umum (readiness).

Investment and development dinilai dari porsi belanja negara untuk sektor pendidikan, rasio anggaran pendidikan terhadap jumlah pelajar, rasio guru-murid, dan sebagainya.

Appeal dinilai dari indeks biaya hidup, survei kualitas hidup, survei motivasi pekerja, jumlah pekerja terampil dari luar negeri, dan sebagainya.

Kemudian readiness diukur dari pertumbuhan angkatan kerja, proporsi pekerja ahli, tingkat pendidikan masyarakat, sampai kemampuan pelajar berdasarkan tes PISA.

Berbagai hal itu lantas dirumuskan ke dalam skor berskala 0-100 poin. Makin tinggi skornya, daya saing diasumsikan semakin baik.

(Baca: Mayoritas Wirausaha Indonesia Lulusan SD)

Dengan metode tersebut, pada 2023 Indonesia memperoleh skor 51,13 dari 100 poin, peringkat ke-47 dari 64 negara yang diriset.

Skor Indonesia itu sudah membaik dibanding 2022. Namun, levelnya masih lebih rendah dibanding pra-pandemi tahun 2019 seperti terlihat pada grafik.

Menurut IMD, pada 2023 anggaran pendidikan Indonesia masih tergolong rendah, yakni peringkat ke-55 dari 64 negara.

Indonesia juga dinilai masih kekurangan guru untuk pendidikan jenjang menengah (secondary education), sehingga rasio guru-muridnya masuk peringkat ke-53 dari 64 negara.

Kemampuan pelajar Indonesia pun tidak menonjol berdasarkan tes PISA, hingga masuk peringkat ke-56 dari 64 negara dalam basis data IMD.

(Baca: PISA 2022: Kemampuan Membaca Pelajar Indonesia Tergolong Rendah di ASEAN)

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