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Ada 4 Ribu Konflik Agraria sejak 2009, Era Jokowi Terbanyak | Databoks
IKLAN

Ada 4 Ribu Konflik Agraria sejak 2009, Era Jokowi Terbanyak

Jumlah Kasus dan Luas Area Konflik Agraria di Indonesia (2009-2022)

Sumber : Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria, 2023

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Disalin..
IKLAN

Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

12/1/2024, 16.44 WIB

Selama periode 2009—2022, setidaknya ada 4.107 kasus konflik agraria di Indonesia, dengan total luas area konflik 11,8 juta hektare.

Databoks menghimpun angka ini dari rangkaian laporan akhir tahun Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria (KPA), yang rutin mereka rilis sejak 2009.

KPA memperoleh data konflik agraria dari sejumlah sumber, yaitu:

  • Korban yang melaporkan kejadian konflik agraria ke KPA, baik secara langsung atau melalui perantara;
  • Pengumpulan data agraria dari daerah;
  • Investigasi kasus lapangan; dan
  • Pemantauan pemberitaan media massa.

Dengan sumber yang relatif terbatas ini, data KPA merupakan "angka minimal" dari total konflik agraria yang sesungguhnya terjadi di Indonesia.

KPA juga hanya mencatat kasus "konflik agraria struktural", yakni konflik lahan yang disebabkan kebijakan pejabat publik, serta mengakibatkan terancamnya dan/atau tersingkirnya hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat atas sumber-sumber agraria.

Data ini tidak termasuk sengketa pertanahan biasa, seperti perebutan hak waris, sengketa lahan antar perusahaan, dan sebagainya.

Berdasar metode tersebut, sepanjang 2009—2022 konflik agraria paling banyak tercatat pada era pemerintahan Presiden Jokowi, yaitu 659 kasus pada 2017.

Menurut KPA, mayoritas kasus konflik agraria pada 2017 terkait dengan sektor perkebunan, terutama untuk komoditas kelapa sawit.

Di sisi lain, jika dilihat dari luasan area konflik, kasus agraria paling besar terjadi pada akhir era pemerintahan Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, yakni pada 2014.

Dari 472 kasus konflik agraria yang mencuat pada tahun tersebut, total luas lahan yang diperebutkan mencapai 2,86 juta hektare.

Mayoritas area konflik pada 2014 terkait sektor perairan dan kelautan (54%), khususnya perebutan wilayah konsesi migas serta perbatasan antara Malaysia dan Indonesia.

Menurut KPA, kasus konflik agraria pada 2014 juga banyak terkait sektor perkebunan, serta proyek Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia (MP3EI) yang menitikberatkan pembangunan infrastruktur.

(Baca: Ada 212 Konflik Agraria pada 2022, Terbanyak di Sektor Perkebunan)

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