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2 Juta Keluarga Terdampak Konflik Agraria sejak 2009 | Databoks Home 2 Juta Keluarga Terdampak Konflik Agraria sejak 2009 2 Juta Keluarga Terdampak Konflik Agraria sejak 2009 Jumlah Kasus Konflik Agraria dan Kepala Keluarga (KK) yang Terdampak (2009-2022) Sumber : Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria, 2023
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
12/1/2024, 18.10 WIB
Selama periode 2009—2022, setidaknya ada 4.107 kasus konflik agraria di Indonesia, yang berdampak pada sekitar 2,25 juta kepala keluarga (KK).
Databoks menghimpun angka ini dari rangkaian laporan akhir tahun Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria (KPA), yang rutin mereka rilis sejak 2009.
KPA memperoleh data konflik agraria dari sejumlah sumber, yaitu:
Korban yang melaporkan kejadian konflik agraria ke KPA, baik secara langsung atau melalui perantara; Pengumpulan data agraria dari daerah; Investigasi kasus lapangan; dan Pemantauan pemberitaan media massa. Dengan sumber yang relatif terbatas ini, data KPA merupakan "angka minimal" dari total konflik agraria yang sesungguhnya terjadi di Indonesia.
KPA juga hanya mencatat kasus "konflik agraria struktural", yakni konflik lahan yang disebabkan kebijakan pejabat publik, serta mengakibatkan terancamnya dan/atau tersingkirnya hak-hak konstitusional masyarakat atas sumber-sumber agraria.
Data ini tidak termasuk sengketa pertanahan biasa, seperti perebutan hak waris, sengketa lahan antar perusahaan, dan sebagainya.
Berdasar metode tersebut, sepanjang 2009—2022 konflik agraria paling banyak tercatat pada era pemerintahan Presiden Jokowi, yaitu 659 kasus pada 2017.
Banyaknya kasus itu diiringi dengan tingginya jumlah korban. Pada 2017, masyarakat yang terdampak konflik agraria mencapai 652 ribu kepala keluarga (KK).
Konflik agraria pada 2017 juga mengakibatkan 13 orang tewas, 6 orang tertembak, 369 orang ditahan/dikriminalisasi, dan 612 orang menjadi korban kekerasan.
Menurut KPA, mayoritas kasus konflik agraria pada 2017 terkait dengan sektor perkebunan, terutama untuk komoditas kelapa sawit, diikuti sektor properti dan infrastruktur.
(Baca: Ada 212 Konflik Agraria pada 2022, Terbanyak di Sektor Perkebunan )