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Rasio Belanja Militer Negara G20, Indonesia Tergolong Rendah | Databoks
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Rasio Belanja Militer Negara G20, Indonesia Tergolong Rendah

Rasio Belanja Militer terhadap PDB di Negara G20 (2022)

Sumber : Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), 2023

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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

28/12/2023, 14.00 WIB

Indonesia merupakan salah satu anggota G20, organisasi berisi negara-negara dengan ekonomi besar di skala global.

Namun, di antara anggota G20, rasio belanja militer Indonesia terhadap produk domestik bruto (PDB) tergolong rendah.

Merujuk definisi dari Bank Dunia, "rasio belanja militer terhadap PDB" adalah indikator kasar untuk menunjukkan berapa banyak porsi sumber daya suatu negara yang digunakan untuk aktivitas militer.

Berdasarkan data Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), pada 2022 rasio belanja militer Indonesia hanya 0,7% dari PDB.

Angka itu sangat jauh dibanding Arab Saudi, yang rasio belanja militernya mencapai kisaran 7%, paling tinggi di G20.

Di bawah Arab Saudi ada Rusia dan Amerika Serikat dengan kisaran rasio belanja militer 3—4%. Diikuti Korea Selatan, India, dan Inggris di kisaran 2%.

Kemudian rasio belanja militer Prancis, Australia, Italia, China, Jerman, Kanada, Jepang, dan Brasil berkisar 1%.

Sementara anggota G20 yang rasio belanja militernya kurang dari 1% hanya Afrika Selatan, Indonesia, Meksiko, dan Argentina. Adapun data Turki tak tersedia di basis data SIPRI.

Kendati begitu, menurut Bank Dunia, besaran rasio belanja ini tak serta-merta mencerminkan kemampuan militer atau kekuatan pertahanan suatu negara.

Bank Dunia menilai kekuatan pertahanan juga dipengaruhi berbagai faktor lain, seperti berapa luas wilayah perbatasan negara yang harus dijaga, kualitas hubungan dengan negara tetangga, sampai peran militer dalam lembaga politik nasional.

(Baca: Ukraina, Negara yang Paling Banyak Belanja Militer dari PDB 2022)

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