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India Setop Kirim Bawang Merah, Bagaimana Tren Impor-Ekspornya di RI? | Databoks
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India Setop Kirim Bawang Merah, Bagaimana Tren Impor-Ekspornya di RI?

Tren Ekspor dan Impor Bawang Merah Indonesia (2017-2022)

Sumber : Kementerian Perdagangan, Februari 2022

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

21/12/2023, 18.59 WIB

Raja bawang dunia, India, menyetop ekspor bawang merah ke negara lain pada awal Desember 2023. Kebijakan itu diambil guna mendinginkan harga dan memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negerinya.

Laporan Reuters yang diwartakan India Today menyebut, kemungkinan kebijakan pelarangan ekspor itu tidak akan dicabut sebelum pemilihan umum India yang bakal dilangsungkan tahun depan.

Meski harga bawang merah menjadi turun di India, tetapi kebijakan tersebut mengundang lonjakan harga bawang merah di sejumlah negara Asia. Sebut saja Uni Emirat Arab, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Nepal, yang sangat bergantung pada impor India, kini berjuang mengatasi kekurangan bawang merah dalam negara masing-masing.

Lalu bagaimana dampaknya ke Indonesia?

Saat ini pemerintah Indonesia belum menegaskan dampak dari pelarangan ekspor bawang merah India tersebut.

Namun, laporan Pusat Pengkajian Perdagangan Dalam Negeri dari Kementerian Perdagangan (Kemendag) pada Februari 2022 menyebut bahwa produksi bawang merah Indonesia sudah dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dalam negeri.

"Oleh karena itu sejak Desember 2020, Kementerian Perdagangan belum mengeluarkan ijin impor untuk komoditi bawang merah," tulis Kemendag dalam laporan Analisis Perkembangan Harga Bahan Pangan Pokok, Barang Penting, RItel Modern, dan e-Commerce di Pasar Domestik dan Internasional.

Jumlah produksi yang telah mencukupi kebutuhan bawang merah di dalam negeri mendorong ekspor bawang merah ke luar negeri.

Laporan itu menunjukkan, selama 8 tahun terakhir ekspor bawang merah Indonesia ke luar negeri paling tinggi tercatat pada 2019, yakni sebesar 8.665.422 kilogram (kg). Sementara terendah pada 2016 yang hanya 735.688 kg saja.

Adapun data terakhir pada 2021 sebesar 4.101.926 kg, sementara 2022 belum ada catatan ekspor pada laporan tersebut.

Di samping itu, impor bawang merah justru sempat mencapai yang tertinggi selama 8 tahun terakhir, yakni 17.428.750 kg pada 2015. Meskipun begitu, volume impor tahun-tahun berikutnya cenderung menurun, bahkan tercatat nihil seperti terlihat pada grafik.

(Baca juga: Majalengka Jadi Produsen Bawang Merah Terbesar di Jawa Barat pada 2022)

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