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Utang Pemerintah Tembus Rp8.000 Triliun Jelang Akhir 2023 | Databoks Home Utang Pemerintah Tembus Rp8.000 Triliun Jelang Akhir 2023 Utang Pemerintah Tembus Rp8.000 Triliun Jelang Akhir 2023 Nilai Total Utang Pemerintah Indonesia dan Rasionya terhadap PDB (2000-2023) Sumber : Kementerian Keuangan (Kemenkeu), Desember 2023
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
19/12/2023, 20.10 WIB
Pada akhir November 2023, nilai total utang pemerintah Indonesia mencapai Rp8.041,01 triliun atau 38,11% terhadap produk domestik bruto (PDB).
Hal ini tercatat dalam laporan Kementerian Keuangan bertajuk APBN Kita edisi Desember 2023.
Menurut laporan tersebut, pada akhir November 2023 mayoritas utang pemerintah berupa Surat Berharga Negara (SBN), dengan nilai Rp7.124,98 triliun (88,61% dari total utang).
Kemudian utang yang berupa pinjaman nilainya Rp916,03 triliun (11,39% dari total utang).
Kementerian Keuangan juga menyatakan, sekitar 71,9% dari total utang pemerintah berasal dari dalam negeri, sedangkan 28,1% dari luar negeri.
(Baca: Rasio Utang Pemerintah Indonesia Tergolong Rendah di ASEAN )
Jika dilihat nominalnya, total utang pemerintah Indonesia kini menembus rekor tertinggi baru.
Namun, jika dilihat dari rasionya terhadap PDB, posisi utang pemerintah justru turun dibanding 2021-2022 seperti terlihat pada grafik.
Dalam UU No. 17 Tahun 2003 tentang Keuangan Negara, pemerintah menetapkan batas rasio utang terhadap PDB maksimal 60%.
Dengan begitu, meski nominalnya meningkat, rasio utang pemerintah Indonesia saat ini masih dalam batas aman.
Rasio utang Indonesia juga masih jauh dari ambang batas risiko versi Bank Dunia.
Menurut studi Bank Dunia yang berjudul Finding the Tipping Point—When Sovereign Debt Turns Bad (2010), pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara berisiko melambat jika rasio utang terhadap PDB-nya melebihi 77% dalam jangka panjang.
Rasio utang pemerintah Indonesia bahkan tergolong cukup rendah dibanding negara lain, baik di skala ASEAN maupun di antara anggota G20.
(Baca: Rasio Utang Pemerintah Indonesia Terendah ke-3 di Kelompok G20 )
Catatan redaksi: Data grafik telah diperbarui dengan posisi utang sampai 31 Desember 2023. Pembaruan dilakukan pada 12 Februari 2024, berdasarkan laporan APBN Kita edisi Januari 2024 dari Kementerian Keuangan.