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Bangladesh hingga Indonesia Jadi Suaka bagi Pengungsi Rohingya | Databoks
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Bangladesh hingga Indonesia Jadi Suaka bagi Pengungsi Rohingya

Sebaran Pengungsi Tanpa Kewarganegaraan dari Myanmar/Pengungsi Rohingya dan Pencari Suaka (September 2023)

Sumber : Komisioner Tinggi PBB untuk Pengungsi (UNHCR), 30 September 2023

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

5/12/2023, 17.56 WIB

Pengungsi Rohingya, etnis minoritas muslim dari Myanmar, masih mencari suaka atau tempat perlindungan di sejumlah negara pada 2023.

Berdasarkan data United Nations High Commisioner For Refugees (UNHCR), pengungsi Rohingya dan pencari suaka lainnya yang tak memiliki status kewarganegaraan dari Myanmar tercatat sebanyak 1.094.198 orang per September 2023.

Rombongan Rohingya paling banyak mengungsi di Bangladesh, yakni 965.467 orang atau 88,2% dari total pengungsi Rohingya dan pencari suaka Myanmar.

Kedua adalah Malaysia yang menampung 105.762 orang atau 9,7%. Disusul India sebesar 22.110 orang atau 2%.

Indonesia menjadi negara yang paling sedikit menampung pengungsi Rohingya, yakni 859 orang atau 0,1%.

UNHCR memberi catatan, pengungsi Rohingya dan pencari suaka yang dihitung ini merupakan orang-orang tanpa status kewarganegaraan dari Myanmar, yang secara bersamaan dihitung dalam pengungsi dan pencari suaka Myanmar. Data ini diperbarui secara berkala, terakhir pada 30 September 2023.

Pengungsi Rohingya merupakan kaum minoritas muslim yang tidak diakui di Myanmar sebab mayoritas penduduk negara tersebut memeluk agama Budha. Pemerintah Myanmar mengecualikan mereka dari sensus 2014 dan menganggap bahwa Rohingya adalah imigran ilegal dari Bangladesh.

UNHCR menjelaskan, situasi kemanusiaan tersebut makin memburuk pada Februari 2021. Ini karena dari konflik dan pergolakan politik yang memanas di negara tersebut.

Sumber-sumber PBB bahkan menyebut sebanyak 1,5 juta orang menjadi pengungsi internal di Myanmar pada 1 November 2022, dengan mayoritas berada di wilayah Barat Laut, negara bagian Rakhine, dan Tenggara, serta di negara bagian Kachin di Timur Laut.

Ditolak di Aceh

Melansir Detik Sumut, nasib para pengungsi Rohingya yang mendarat di Desa Balohan, Sabang, Aceh, semakin tidak jelas. Warga Sabang yang menolak kedatangannya pun membongkar paksa tenda pengungsi Rohingya dan memboyong para pengungsi ke seberang kantor Wali Kota Sabang.

Alasannya, warga khawatir terhadap keamanan di wilayahnya. Sebab dari pengungsian warga Rohingya sebelumnya, warga mengalami kejadian yang tidak menyenangkan.

"Karena banyak pengalaman-pengalaman buruk lalu yang sudah terjadi dan dialami masyarakat," kata Pj Kepala Desa Balohan, Rusli yang diwartakan Selasa (5/12/2023).

Sebelumnya, sebanyak 139 imigran Rohingya mendarat di Sabang, Sabtu (2/12/2023) dinihari. Ratusan pengungsi tersebut menjadi gelombang pertama mendarat di Aceh pada Desember ini.

Pengungsi Rohingya yang lain juga sempat mendarat pada November 2023, dengan jumlah sekitar 1.000 orang. Mereka juga mendapat penolakan dari warga.

(Baca juga: Afghanistan hingga Myanmar, Ini Negara Asal Pengungsi Terbanyak di RI)

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