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Pekerja Muda Lebih Banyak Pindah Kerja Karena Faktor Internal pada 2022 | Databoks
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Pekerja Muda Lebih Banyak Pindah Kerja Karena Faktor Internal pada 2022

Proporsi Pekerja Menurut Kelompok Umur dan Alasan Pindah Pekerjaan (2022)

Sumber : Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), 27 Oktober 2023

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

30/10/2023, 19.47 WIB

Pekerja angkatan muda, yakni usia 15-24 tahun, tercatat melakukan pindah kerja atau resign karena dorongan internalnya. Ini selaras dengan hasil pencacahan Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) pada 2022.

Dalam laporan Analisis Mobilitas Tenaga Kerja Hasil Sakernas 2022, sebanyak 43,4% dari angkatan kerja berusia 15-24 tahun melakukan pindah kerja karena alasan internal. BPS menyebut, alasan internal itu berupa pendapatan kurang memuaskan atau kurang cocok dengan lingkungan kerja.

Namun, BPS menyebut perpindahan pekerjaan lebih sering terjadi pada kelompok usia 25-34 tahun. BPS menilai, pada kelompok usia tersebut, tenaga kerja telah memahami lingkungan kerja, tetapi masih memiliki peluang untuk mencari pekerjaan lain yang dianggap lebih menjanjikan.

Berdasarkan alasan perpindahan, dorongan eksternal lebih mendominasi, yakni 36,7%.

"Pada kelompok 25-34 tahun, alasan berhenti kerja yang berasal dari eksternal seperti PHK, usaha terhenti atau bangkrut, dan habis masa kerja/kontrak mulai meningkat sehingga seimbang dengan alasan internalnya," kata BPS menjelaskan definisi alasan eksternal.

Satu sisi, BPS menyebut penduduk awal usia 25 merupakan awal bagi penduduk berpendidikan tinggi untuk mencari pekerjaan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan persentase perpindahan pekerjaan penduduk usia SMA ke atas sebesar 47,9%.

"Mereka pada umumnya memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan keahlian yang lebih baik sehingga relatif tidak mengalami kesulitan ketika ingin berpindah pekerjaan," kata BPS.

Sementara pada usia 35-44, perpindahan kerja lebih dominan karena faktor eksternal. Proporsinya 40,3% dari kelompok tersebut. Semakin tua, kata BPS, peluang pindah sebenarnya makin kecil.

Fenomena itu juga terlihat dari kelompok 45-54 dan 55 ke atas yang lebih banyak resign karena faktor eksternal, masing-masing sebesar 41,8% dan 41,4%.

"Semakin tua usia seorang tenaga kerja, maka tingkat kematangan dan pengalaman semakin meningkat. Akibatnya proporsi berhenti bekerja karena alasan internal semakin berkurang, digantikan oleh alasan eksternal dan alasan lainnya seperti karena mengurus rumah tangga," kata BPS.

Selain alasan tersebut, masih ada satu hal yang tidak dapat diabaikan yaitu berhenti bekerja karena dampak pandemi Covid-19.

"Pada 2022, secara umum terdapat 480 ribu pekerja (4,9 persen) yang terdampak langsung oleh pandemi Covid-19 dan telah bekerja kembali," kata BPS.

(Baca juga: Setelah Pandemi, Jumlah Pekerja Komuter hingga Sirkuler RI Makin Menyusut)

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