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Negara dengan Jumlah Pengungsi Anak Terbanyak 2022, Afrika Mendominasi | Databoks Home Negara dengan Jumlah Pengungsi Anak Terbanyak 2022, Afrika Mendominasi Negara dengan Jumlah Pengungsi Anak Terbanyak 2022, Afrika Mendominasi 10 Negara dengan Pengungsi Internal Anak Terbanyak Dunia (2022)* Sumber : United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), Juni 2023
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
18/10/2023, 20.10 WIB
United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF ) menyebut masih ada anak-anak yang menghadapi bahaya sangat besar hanya untuk mencari keamanan di negara mereka sendiri.
Tak sedikit anak-anak, juga orang dewasa, mencari tempat aman di pengungsian internal negara mereka. UNICEF mencatat pada akhir 2022, sekira 62,5 juta orang hidup dalam pengungsian akibat kekerasan dan konflik di negaranya. Bahkan banyak konflik dan kekerasan yang sudah berlangsung bertahun-tahun.
"Selama 2022 saja, tercatat lebih dari 28,3 juta pengungsian baru akibat konflik. Pada tahun yang sama, bencana termasuk gempa bumi, tsunami, dan banjir menyebabkan 32,6 juta pengungsi internal lainnya," tulis UNICEF dalam laman resminya.
UNICEF menjelaskan, dengan asumsi proporsi anak-anak di antara populasi pengungsi internal sama dengan proporsi anak-anak dalam populasi nasional, diperkirakan 25,8 juta anak-anak menjadi pengungsi di negara mereka sendiri karena kekerasan dan konflik pada akhir 2022. Angka ini setara 41% dari jumlah pengungsi di negara yang bersangkutan.
"Terdapat tambahan 3,8 juta anak yang mengungsi akibat bencana alam," kata UNICEF.
UNICEF mengatakan, sebagian besar anak-anak pengungsi ini tinggal di Afrika sub-Sahara. Timur Tengah, Afganistan, dan Ukraina juga merupakan wilayah rawan pengungsian internal akibat dari konflik.
Berdasarkan jumlahnya, Kongo tercatat menjadi negara dengan pengungsi internal anak terbanyak di dunia, yakni 3 juta anak pada 2022. Urutan kedua ditempati Suriah dengan jumlah 2,6 juta anak.
Ketiga, Afghanistan dengan jumlah pengungsi internal anak sebanyak 2,2 juta anak. Urutan keempat dan kelima diisi oleh Somalia dan Yemen dengan jumlah yang sama, yakni 2,1 juta anak.
Keenam dan ketujuh ada Nigeria dan Ethiopia yang memiliki jumlah pengungsi internal anak sama besar, yakni 1,8 juta anak. Sudan menyusul di peringkat delapan dengan jumlah 1,7 juta anak.
Terakhir ada Kolombia dan Ukraina dengan jumlah anak yang mengungsi masing-masing sebanyak 1,2 juta dan 1,1 juta anak.
(Baca juga: UNICEF: 43 Juta Anak Mengungsi Akibat Cuaca Ekstrem, Badai Penyebab Terbanyak )