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Terasa Panas, Anomali Suhu Udara September 2023 Tertinggi Keempat Sejak 1981 | Databoks
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Terasa Panas, Anomali Suhu Udara September 2023 Tertinggi Keempat Sejak 1981

Tren Anomali dan Suhu Udara Rata-rata Indonesia pada September (1981-2023)

Sumber : Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika, September 2023

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

3/10/2023, 15.32 WIB

Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) melaporkan, suhu udara rata-rata September 2023 mencapai 27 derajat celsius. Rerata ini didapatkan dari analisis terhadap 116 stasiun pengamatan BMKG.

BMKG menyebut, normal suhu udara klimatologis untuk September 2023 jika disandingkan periode 1991-2020 di Indonesia adalah sebesar 26,6 derajat celsius, masih dalam kisaran normal 20,1-28,6 derajat celsius.

Adapun selisih suhu udara rata-rata September 2023 terhadap Agustus 2023 secara umum menunjukkan kenaikan suhu atau nilai positif. Ini diukur dari 148 stasiun pengamatan BMKG di Indonesia.

BMKG menjelaskan peningkatan suhu terbesar tercatat di Stasiun Meteorologi Sultan Hasanuddin, Makassar yang mencapai 1,3 derajat celsius. Sementara penurunan suhu terbesar tercatat di Stasiun Meteorologi Ranai, Natuna yang mencapai -1,1 derajat celsius.

Dari perhitungan tersebut, anomali suhu udara rata-rata pada September 2023 menunjukan anomali positif dengan nilai sebesar 0,4 derajat celsius. BMKG menilai anomali ini cukup tinggi.

"Anomali suhu udara Indonesia pada September 2023 ini merupakan nilai anomali tertinggi keempat sepanjang periode pengamatan sejak 1981," tulis BMKG dalam laman resminya yang dikutip pada Selasa (3/10/2023).

BMKG menambahkan, secara umum anomali suhu udara rata-rata per-stasiun pada September 2023 menunjukkan nilai anomali positif atau lebih tinggi dari rata-rata klimatologisnya.

Anomali paling tinggi tercatat di Stasiun Meteorologi Pangsuma, Kapuas Hulu, yang menembus 2 derajat celsius. Sedangkan anomali paling rendah tercatat di Stasiun Meteorologi Karel Sadsuitubun, Maluku Tenggara sebesar -0,6 derajat celsius.

Sementara itu, anomali paling tinggi sepanjang September 1981-September 2023 tercatat pada September 2022 yang meroket hingga 0,8 derajat celsius. Adapun rata-rata suhunya mencapai 27,30 derajat celsius.

Melansir laman National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) dari Amerika Serikat, anomali suhu begitu penting disorot. Anomali positif menunjukkan suhu yang diamati lebih hangat dibandingkan suhu dasar. Sementara anomali negatif menunjukkan suhu yang diamati lebih dingin daripada suhu dasarnya.

NCEI memaparkan bedanya perhitungan rata-rata suhu dengan anomali. Saat menghitung rata-rata suhu mutlak atau absolut, pemantauan lokasi stasiun atau ketinggian akan berpengaruh pada data yang dihasilkan. Misalnya, daerah yang lebih tinggi cenderung lebih dingin daripada yang lebih rendah dan daerah perkotaan cenderung lebih hangat daripada daerah perdesaan.

Namun NCEI berpendapat, ketika menghitung anomali suhu, faktor-faktor tersebut kurang penting.

"Misalnya, pada bulan musim panas di suatu wilayah mungkin lebih dingin daripada rata-rata, baik di puncak gunung maupun di lembah di dekatnya, namun suhu absolut akan sangat berbeda di kedua lokasi tersebut," tulis NCEI pada laman resminya yang dikutip Selasa (3/10/2023).

(Baca juga: Bencana Alam Terkait Perubahan Iklim Meningkat di Skala Global)

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