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Tingkat Kematian Balita Global Turun pada 2021, Terendah dalam Tiga Dekade | Databoks
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Tingkat Kematian Balita Global Turun pada 2021, Terendah dalam Tiga Dekade

Tingkat Kematian Anak Usia di Bawah 5 Tahun Secara Global (1990-2021)

Sumber : United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), Januari 2023

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Penulis: Cindy Mutia Annur

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

5/9/2023, 17.50 WIB

Menurut data Dana Anak-Anak PBB (UNICEF), tingkat kematian anak di bawah usia lima tahun atau balita secara global pada 2021 turun 59% jika dibandingkan tahun 1990, dan mencapai rekor terendah dalam tiga dekade terakhir.

“Tingkat kematian balita secara global menurun, dari 93 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup pada 1990, menjadi 38 pada 2021,” demikian dikutip dari laman UNICEF.

Meskipun ada kemajuan besar, menurut UNICEF peningkatan kelangsungan hidup anak masih menjadi masalah yang mendesak. UNICEF mengatakan, pada 2021 masih ada sekitar 13.800 kematian balita per harinya di seluruh dunia.

Secara global, UNICEF mengatakan bahwa penyakit menular, termasuk pneumonia, diare, dan malaria, masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian balita. “Hal ini bersamaan dengan kelahiran prematur dan komplikasi terkait intrapartum,” kata UNICEF.

Berdasarkan wilayahnya, Afrika mendominasi tingkat kematian balita dunia pada 2021. Afrika Barat dan Tengah menjadi wilayah dengan tingkat kematian balita tertinggi pada periode tersebut, yaitu mencapai 91 kematian dari 1.000 kelahiran.

Kemudian, wilayah Sub-Sahara Afrika tercatat memiliki 73 kematian balita per 1.000 kelahiran hidup, diikuti Afrika Timur dan Selatan dengan 52 kematian balita per 1.000 kelahiran hidup.

Berikut rincian tingkat kematian balita secara global pada 2021 berdasarkan wilayahnya:

  • Afrika Barat dan Tengah: 91,5 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Sub-Sahara Afrika: 73,01 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Afrika Timur dan Selatan: 52,82 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Asia Selatan: 37,06 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara: 21,89 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Amerika Latin dan Karibia: 15,92 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Asia Timur dan Pasifik: 14,69 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Eropa Timur dan Asia Tengah: 10,82 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Eropa dan Asia Tengah: 7,6 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Amerika Utara: 6,13 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Eropa Barat: 3,68 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup
  • Dunia: 38,09 kematian per 1.000 kelahiran hidup

(Baca: Angka Kematian Bayi Neonatal ASEAN, Indonesia Urutan Berapa?)

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