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Terjalnya Jalan Jurnalis Perempuan, Ini Bentuk Diskriminasi yang Kerap Diterima | Databoks Home Terjalnya Jalan Jurnalis Perempuan, Ini Bentuk Diskriminasi yang Kerap Diterima Terjalnya Jalan Jurnalis Perempuan, Ini Bentuk Diskriminasi yang Kerap Diterima Proporsi Persepsi Atas Bentuk Diskriminasi Gender yang Dialami Jurnalis Perempuan Indonesia (2022) Sumber : Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI) Indonesia, Agustus 2023
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
29/8/2023, 17.30 WIB
Riset dari Aliansi Jurnalis Independen (AJI) Indonesia bersama Pemantau Regulasi Regulator Media (PR2Media) menunjukkan adanya praktik diskriminasi gender terhadap jurnalis perempuan di perusahaan media Indonesia.
Laporan bertajuk Jalan Terjal Menuju Kesetaraan mencatat, bentuk diskriminasi gender itu berupa tugas peliputan, yang dirasakan 30% responden.
Dalam focus group discussion (FGD) untuk mengembangkan data kuantitatif riset itu, responden menyebut jurnalis perempuan kerap dianggap sebagai 'umpan' untuk memantik obrolan dan menjamu narasumber. Beban ini lebih banyak dirasakan jurnalis perempuan ketimbang laki-laki.
"Sebenarnya hal ini semacam objektifikasi perempuan. Perlakuan ini bagian dari strategi ketika calon narasumber tidak kunjung merespons permintaan reporter," kata seorang responden.
Diskriminasi lainnya adalah promosi jabatan, yang dirasakan 25% responden. Tim riset mengatakan, kesulitan naik jabatan bagi jurnalis perempuan sebenarnya sangat berpotensi menurunkan moral dan kualitas kerja jurnalis perempuan.
Perbedaan lainnya yang dirasakan yakni soal remunerasi, sebesar 17%. Adapun remunerasi mencakup gaji pokok, bonus, atau tunjangan, asuransi kesehatan oleh organisasi media tempat mereka bekerja.
"Di tempat saya, reporter perempuan tidak mendapat uang transportasi, sementara laki-laki mendapat uang transport. Ini saya tahu dari melihat slip gaji teman. Pernah menyampaikan itu ke pihak keuangan, tapi tidak ada jawaban apa-apa," kata seorang responden.
Selanjutnya pengurangan karyawan, yang lebih banyak menimpa jurnalis perempuan, dipilih oleh 14% responden. Kasus ini marak terjadi pada saat pandemi Covid-19.
(Baca juga: Mayoritas Jurnalis Perempuan Alami Kekerasan Seksual dan Pelecehan pada 2022, Ini 10 Jenisnya )
Ada juga diskriminasi hak cuti. Sebanyak 12% responden merasa tak dapat cuti melahirkan dengan sesuai dan 68% tidak memperoleh hak cuti haid yang sesuai UU No 13/2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan.
"Hak cuti menstruasi tidak diambil oleh banyak jurnalis perempuan karena khawatir dianggap tidak produktif, mengganggu penyelesaian tenggat pekerjaan, sehingga menjadi korban dirumahkan. Kadang juga dikomentari atasan," kata responden dalam FGD.
Diskriminasi lainnya adalah rapat redaksi, yang dianggap tak menampung ide jurnalis perempuan terkait liputan, dirasakan 11% responden. Sementara 15% responden juga merasa saran dari jurnalis perempuan terkait kebijakan perusahaan tidak terakomodir.
Tim riset menyayangkan temuan ini masih marak di industri media. Ini karena media sebagai organisasi yang banyak mengawal kebijakan dan pelayanan publik semestinya menargetkan zero tolerance terhadap diskriminasi gender di lingkungan kerjanya.
Survei ini melibatkan 405 responden jurnalis perempuan di 34 provinsi, yang dilakukan secara daring pada 4-18 April 2022. Metodenya snowball sampling dan merepresentasikan wilayah Indonesia barat, tengah, dan timur.
Cakupan riset terdiri dari enam aspek kesetaraan gender di ruang kerja, yakni remunerasi, tugas peliputan, promosi jabatan, hak cuti, pengurangan karyawan, dan rapat redaksi.
Sementara FGD dilakukan bersama delapan jurnalis perempuan yang dipilih dari responden survei berdasarkan keberagaman jenis diskriminasi, jenis media, posisi atau jabatan, dan provinsi tempat tinggal.
Diskusi ini dilaksanakan secara daring pada 25 Mei 2022 dan tiap informan diberi kode identitas untuk menyembunyikan identitasnya supaya bisa bercerita secara lebih bebas tanpa khawatir dikenali informan lain.
(Baca juga: Kasus Kekerasan Terhadap Jurnalis Meningkat Jelang Tahun Politik )