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Ternyata Banyak yang Belum Tahu PM 2.5 dalam Indikator Polusi Udara | Databoks
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Ternyata Banyak yang Belum Tahu PM 2.5 dalam Indikator Polusi Udara

Tingkat Pengetahuan Responden Mengenai PM 2.5 dalam Indikator Polusi Udara (Agustus 2023)

Sumber : Kurious, 22 Agustus 2023

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Penulis: Nabilah Muhamad

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

25/8/2023, 18.59 WIB

Indeks kualitas udara (AQI) dan polusi udara PM 2.5 di sejumlah kota Indonesia belakangan ini tergolong buruk dan jauh dari standar ideal yang ditetapkan oleh World Health Organization (WHO). 

Menurut WHO, standar kualitas udara yang ideal adalah memiliki bobot konsentrasi PM 2.5 antara 0 sampai 5 mikrogram per meter kubik. Namun, masih banyak warga RI yang masih belum mengetahui definisi PM 2.5.

Fenomena tersebut terekam pada survei Kurious-Katadata Insight Center (KIC), yang menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas atau 53,3% dari total responden tidak mengetahui tentang PM 2.5.

Sementara, ada 41% responden yang mengetahui tentang hal tersebut. Sisanya, 5,7% responden tidak tahu atau tidak menjawab. 

Melansir dari laman IQAir, PM 2,5 adalah materi partikulat atau particulate matter (PM) yang mengacu pada partikel di udara seperti debu, jelaga, kotoran, asap, dan tetesan cairan. 

Partikel PM 2,5 ini memiliki ukuran yang sangat kecil, yakni berdiameter sekitar 2,5 mikrometer dan hanya dapat dilihat melalui mikroskop elektron. Karena ukurannya yang sangat kecil, partikel ini dapat melayang di udara dalam waktu lama, serta dapat terhidup oleh manusia.

Dalam jangka panjang, menghirup PM 2.5 dapat memicu berbagai gangguan kesehatan seperti asma, penyakit jantung, paru kronis, hingga penurunan fungsi paru-paru pada anak. 

Survei tingkat pengetahuan responden mengenai PM 2.5 Kurious-KIC ini melibatkan 512 responden dari berbagai wilayah di Indonesia, dengan proporsi 54,6% responden laki-laki dan 45,4% responden perempuan.

Mayoritas responden berasal dari Pulau Jawa selain Jakarta (62,5%), diikuti responden dari Pulau Sumatra (14,6%) dan DKI Jakarta (14,2%). Sementara proporsi responden yang berasal dari Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali-Nusa, dan Maluku-Papua berada di rentang 0,2%-3,3%.

Kebanyakan responden berasal dari kelompok usia antara 25-34 tahun (34,8%), diikuti kelompok 35-44 tahun (29,9%) dan kelompok 45-54 tahun (18,4%).

Data dikoleksi pada 21-22 Agustus 2023 menggunakan metode computer-assisted web interviewing (CAWI), dengan toleransi kesalahan (margin of error) sekira 4,31% dan tingkat kepercayaan 95%.

(Baca juga: Mayoritas Warga Indonesia Akses Informasi Kualitas Udara dari Media Sosial)

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