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Korut hingga Arab, Ini Negara dengan Prevalensi Perbudakan Modern Tertinggi Dunia 2023 | Databoks
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Korut hingga Arab, Ini Negara dengan Prevalensi Perbudakan Modern Tertinggi Dunia 2023

10 Negara dengan Prevalensi Perbudakan Modern Tertinggi Global Menurut Global Slavery Index 2023

Sumber : Walk Free, 2023

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Nabilah Muhamad

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

25/8/2023, 19.20 WIB

Walk Free, badan amal hak asasi manusia, merilis daftar negara dengan prevalensi perbudakan modern atau eksploitasi tertinggi di dunia berdasarkan Global Slavery Indeks 2023. 

Indeks tersebut mendefinisikan perbudakan modern sebagai kerja paksa, pernikahan paksa, penjeratan utang, eksploitasi seksual kormesial secara paksa, hingga perdagangan manusia. 

Dari 160 negara yang dinilai oleh Walk Free, Korea Utara tercatat memiliki prevalensi perbudakan modern tertinggi secara global. Terdapat 104,6 perbudakan per 1.000 penduduk di negara tersebut.

"Di Korea Utara, 1 dari 10 orang berada dalam perbudakan moden, sebagian besar dipaksa bekerja oleh negara," tulis Walk Free dalam laporannya. 

Eritrea menyusul di urutan kedua, dengan prevalensi perbudakan modern mencapai 90,3 per 1.000 penduduk.  Pemerintah di negara Afrika Bagian Timur tersebut memiliki program wajib militer bagi warga negaranya yang berusia 18-40 tahun.

Namun biasanya, mereka juga dipaksa untuk melakukan pekerjaan bersifat non-militer. "Lama masa wajib militer nasional ini tidak terbatas, warga Eritrea dilaporkan menghabiskan waktu puluhan tahun untuk melayani pemerintah," kata Walk Free. 

Hal tersebut menyebabkan 15% dari populasi, terutama warga Eritrea berusia di bawah 40 tahun, melarikan diri dari negaranya untuk menghindari wajib militer. 

Selanjutnya ada Mauritania dengan prelavensi sevesar 32 per 1.000 penduduk. Menurut laporan Walk Free, kelompok minoritas di Mauritania mengalami diskriminasi di berbagai bidang termasuk pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan akses ke layanan publik. 

Berikut daftar lengkap 10 negara dengan tingkat prevalensi tertinggi di dunia berdasarkan Global Slavery Index 2023:

  1. Korea Utara: 104,6 per 1.000 penduduk
  2. Eritrea: 90,3 per 1.000 penduduk
  3. Mauritania: 32 per 1.000 penduduk
  4. Arab Saudi: 21,3 per 1.000 penduduk
  5. Turki: 15,6 per 1.000 penduduk
  6. Tajikistan: 14 per 1.000 penduduk
  7. Uni Emirat Arab: 13,4 per 1.000 penduduk
  8. Rusia: 13 per 1.000 penduduk
  9. Afganistan: 13 per 1.000 penduduk
  10. Kuwait: 13 per 1.000 penduduk

(Baca juga: Data Korban Perdagangan Orang di Asia Timur dan Pasifik 10 Tahun Terakhir)

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