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Proyek PLTU Baru Indonesia Terbesar ke-3 di Dunia | Databoks
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Proyek PLTU Baru Indonesia Terbesar ke-3 di Dunia

10 Negara dengan Kapasitas PLTU Batu Bara dalam Tahap Konstruksi Terbesar di Dunia (2023)

Sumber : Global Energy Monitor, Juli 2023

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

18/8/2023, 11.50 WIB

Menurut data Global Energy Monitor, pada 2023 ada 402 unit pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) batu bara yang sedang dalam tahap konstruksi di seluruh dunia, dengan kapasitas total 204,15 gigawatt (GW).

Jika semuanya sudah rampung dibangun, maka kapasitas pembangkit listrik berbasis batu bara secara global akan meningkat 10%.

(Baca: Banyak Pembangunan PLTU Baru di Indonesia, Terbesar di Sulawesi Tengah)

Jika dirinci berdasarkan lokasinya, proyek konstruksi PLTU batu bara terbesar pada 2023 berada di Tiongkok, dengan kapasitas total 136,24 GW.

Sementara Indonesia berada di peringkat ketiga global, dengan pembangunan PLTU batu bara berkapasitas total 14,49 GW.

Negara lain yang tercatat memiliki proyek PLTU baru terbesar di dunia adalah India, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Korea Selatan, Afrika Selatan, Filipina, Pakistan, dan Laos dengan rincian kapasitas seperti terlihat pada grafik.

Global Energy Monitor pun mengkritisi hal ini, lantaran pembangunan PLTU baru dinilai tidak sejalan dengan komitmen pengurangan emisi karbon yang tertuang dalam Perjanjian Paris.

"Pembangkit listrik berbasis batu bara adalah sumber emisi CO2 terbesar dari sektor energi secara global," kata tim Global Energy Monitor dalam laporan Boom and Bust Coal 2023.

"Demi mencapai tujuan Perjanjian Iklim Paris dalam membatasi pemanasan global di bawah 1,5 derajat Celcius, mengurangi penggunaan batu bara untuk pembangkit listrik adalah langkah terpenting," lanjutnya.

Menurut Global Energy Monitor, untuk memenuhi Perjanjian Paris, kelompok negara maju anggota Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) harus mengurangi operasi PLTU batu bara dengan total penurunan kapasitas 60 GW per tahun sampai 2030.

Kemudian kelompok negara non-OECD, termasuk Indonesia, secara kumulatif perlu mengurangi operasi PLTU batu bara 91 GW per tahun sampai 2040.

Namun, Global Energy Monitor menilai pelaksanaan komitmen tersebut masih jauh dari harapan.

"Meski pada 2022 ada penurunan penggunaan pembangkit listrik batu bara di beberapa kawasan, dunia saat ini tidak berada di jalur yang benar untuk mencapai tujuan Perjanjian Paris," kata mereka.

(Baca: 10 Negara dengan Emisi PLTU Batu Bara Terbesar di Dunia, Ada Indonesia)

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