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Ini Negara G20 dengan Angka Kelahiran Anak Tertinggi hingga Terendah 2022 | Databoks Home Ini Negara G20 dengan Angka Kelahiran Anak Tertinggi hingga Terendah 2022 Ini Negara G20 dengan Angka Kelahiran Anak Tertinggi hingga Terendah 2022 Total Fertility Rate/Angka Kelahiran Anak di Negara Anggota G20 (2022)* Sumber : United Nations, 2023
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Penulis: Cindy Mutia Annur
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
16/8/2023, 12.17 WIB
Menurut data Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (UN), Arab Saudi merupakan negara dengan angka kelahiran anak tertinggi di negara anggota G20 pada 2022.
Angka total fertility rate (TFR) Arab Saudi pada 2022 berada di level 2,39. Artinya, setiap satu orang perempuan di Arab Saudi rata-rata melahirkan dua orang anak sepanjang masa aktif reproduksinya.
Hampir sama dengan Arab Saudi, angka kelahiran di Afrika Selatan dan Indonesia juga termasuk yang tertinggi di kelompok negara G20.
Afrika Selatan menempati urutan kedua negara dengan angka kelahiran terbesar di antara negara G20 dengan angka TFR sebesar 2,34. Sementara, Indonesia menempati urutan ketiga dengan TFR 2,15.
Adapun Korea Selatan menjadi negara dengan angka kelahiran terendah di negara anggota G20 pada 2022 yaitu berada di level 0,87. Artinya, tingkat kesuburan di negara ini kurang dari satu anak per perempuan.
Menurut profesor Sosiologi Amerika Serikat (AS), Dudley L Poston Jr, penurunan fertilitas Korea Selatan dimulai pada awal 1960-an ketika pemerintah setempat mengadopsi program perencanaan ekonomi dan program kependudukan dan keluarga berencana. Ia melanjutkan, ini termasuk tujuan program agar 45% pasangan menikah di Korea Selatan menggunakan kontrasepsi.
"Hal ini semakin berkontribusi pada penurunan kesuburan, karena banyak pasangan menyadari bahwa memiliki anak lebih sedikit sering mengarah pada peningkatan standar kehidupan keluarga," kata Dudley dilansir dari The Conversation, (27/6/2023).
Ia menilai, rendahnya angka kelahiran di Korea Selatan mengakibatkan negara tersebut kehilangan populasi setiap tahunnya. Bahkan Badan Statistik Korea Selatan melaporkan bahwa negara tersebut kehilangan populasi dalam tiga tahun terakhir, turun sebanyak 32.611 orang pada 2020, 57.118 pada 2021, dan 123.800 pada 2022.
“Jika tren (penurunan populasi) ini berlanjut, dan jika negara itu tidak menerima jutaan imigran, populasi Korea Selatan saat ini yang berjumlah 51 juta akan turun hingga di bawah 38 juta dalam empat atau lima dekade mendatang,” kata Dudley.
Berikut rincian angka kelahiran anak di negara G20 pada 2022:
Arab Saudi: 2,39 Afrika Selatan: 2,34 Indonesia: 2,15 India: 2,01 Turki: 1,88 Argentina: 1,87 Meksiko: 1,8 Prancis: 1,78 Amerika Serikat: 1,66 Brasil: 1,62 Australia: 1,59 Inggris: 1,56 Jerman: 1,53 Rusia: 1,5 Kanada: 1,46 Jepang: 1,3 Italia: 1,28 Tiongkok: 1,17 Korea Selatan: 0,87 Uni Eropa: data tidak tersedia (Baca: Angka Kelahiran Indonesia Turun 30% dalam Tiga Dekade )
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