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Setelah Melonjak, Harga Tembaga Cenderung Turun Semester I 2023 | Databoks
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Setelah Melonjak, Harga Tembaga Cenderung Turun Semester I 2023

Rata-rata Bulanan Harga Tembaga Global (Januari 2018-Juni 2023)*

Sumber : World Bank, Juli 2023

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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

10/7/2023, 15.20 WIB

Tembaga adalah mineral hasil tambang yang bisa digunakan untuk produksi komponen beragam alat elektronik, termasuk smartphone, komputer, baterai kendaraan listrik, sampai mesin pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS).

Kendati punya banyak kegunaan, harga komoditas ini cenderung melemah pada semester I 2023.

Berdasarkan data Bank Dunia, pada Juni 2023 rata-rata harga tembaga dengan kadar kemurnian minimal 99,99% di London Metal Exchange (LME) mencapai USD 8.396,5 per ton.

Harga tersebut naik 2,2% dibanding Mei 2023 (month-on-month/mom), tapi melemah 7,1% dibanding Januari 2023 (year-to-date/ytd), dan lebih murah 7% dibanding setahun lalu (year-on-year/yoy).

(Baca: Indonesia Masuk Jajaran Negara Penghasil Tembaga Terbesar di Dunia)

Sebelumnya, harga tembaga sempat melonjak sejak Mei 2020, hingga mencapai rekor tertinggi pada Maret 2022.

Menurut Bank Dunia, lonjakan harga tersebut dipicu oleh pasokan tembaga yang rendah, sementara permintaannya tinggi, terutama dari sektor industri Tiongkok dan negara-negara maju lainnya.

Namun, sejak kuartal II 2022 sampai sekarang harganya fluktuatif dengan kecenderungan melemah. Bank Dunia juga memproyeksikan harganya akan terus turun sampai 2024.

Dalam laporan Commodity Markets Outlook edisi April 2023, Bank Dunia memproyeksikan rata-rata harga tembaga akan turun dari USD 10.000 per ton pada 2022, menjadi USD 9.700 per ton pada 2023, kemudian turun lagi ke USD 9.000 per ton pada 2024.

Proyeksi itu didasarkan pada perkiraan bahwa produksi tembaga dari negara-negara produsen utama, yakni Chile, Kongo, Mongolia, dan Peru, akan bertambah dalam setahun ke depan sehingga harganya menjadi lebih murah.

Kendati begitu, Bank Dunia meramal harga tembaga dalam jangka panjang bakal menguat lagi, seiring dengan permintaan yang semakin tinggi.

"Dalam jangka panjang, tembaga akan semakin mendapat keuntungan dari naiknya permintaan dari sektor energi terbarukan, terutama PLTS fotovoltaik, serta kendaraan listrik dan infrastrukturnya," kata Bank Dunia.

"Keputusan negara-negara Eropa untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada gas alam Rusia juga bisa meningkatkan konsumsi tembaga, jika mereka meningkatkan akselerasi investasi energi terbarukan," lanjutnya.

(Baca: Ekspor Bijih Tembaga Indonesia Melesat pada 2022, Pecahkan Rekor Baru)

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