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Ini Kabupaten dengan Ketahanan Pangan Tertinggi di Sulawesi Utara | Databoks
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Ini Kabupaten dengan Ketahanan Pangan Tertinggi di Sulawesi Utara

Indeks Ketahanan Pangan 11 Kabupaten di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (2021)

Sumber : Badan Pangan Nasional, Februari 2023

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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

13/6/2023, 12.20 WIB

Berdasarkan data Badan Pangan Nasional (Bapanas), dari 11 kabupaten yang berada di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara memiliki ketahanan pangan tertinggi.

Mengacu pada UU No. 18 Tahun 2012, ketahanan pangan adalah kondisi terpenuhinya pangan bagi negara sampai dengan perseorangan, yang tercermin dari tersedianya pangan yang cukup, baik jumlah maupun mutunya, aman, beragam, bergizi, merata, dan terjangkau, serta tidak bertentangan dengan agama, keyakinan, dan budaya masyarakat, untuk dapat hidup sehat, aktif, dan produktif secara berkelanjutan.

Bapanas mengukur indeks ketahanan pangan di kabupaten-kabupaten Indonesia berdasarkan sembilan indikator utama, yakni:

  1. Normative Consumption Production Ratio (NCPR) atau rasio konsumsi normatif per kapita terhadap produksi bersih beras, jagung, ubi jalar, dan ubi kayu, serta stok beras pemerintah daerah;
  2. Persentase penduduk yang hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan;
  3. Persentase rumah tangga dengan proporsi pengeluaran untuk pangan >65% terhadap total pengeluaran;
  4. Persentase rumah tangga tanpa akses listrik;
  5. Persentase rumah tangga tanpa akses ke air bersih;
  6. Angka harapan hidup pada saat lahir;
  7. Rasio jumlah penduduk per tenaga kesehatan terhadap tingkat kepadatan penduduk;
  8. Rata-rata lama sekolah perempuan di atas 15 tahun; dan
  9. Persentase balita dengan tinggi badan di bawah standar (stunting).

Berbagai indikator itu kemudian diolah menjadi skor berskala 0-100. Semakin tinggi skornya, ketahanan pangan suatu daerah diasumsikan semakin baik.

Dengan metode tersebut, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara meraih skor 83,69 pada 2021, paling tinggi di antara kabupaten-kabupaten tetangganya.

(Baca: 10 Kabupaten dengan Ketahanan Pangan Tertinggi di Papua)

Kabupaten Minahasa Utara meraih skor tinggi karena beberapa faktor, salah satunya distribusi air bersih yang tergolong sangat baik.

Pada 2021, persentase rumah tangga tanpa akses air bersih di Minahasa Utara hanya 11,75%, sedangkan di kabupaten-kabupaten tetangganya berkisar antara 19% sampai 54%.

Adapun dari 11 kabupaten di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, kabupaten yang tergolong rentan adalah Kepulauan Sangihe dan Kepulauan Siau Tagulandang Biaro (Sitaro).

Suatu kabupaten dinilai rentan mengalami kerawanan pangan apabila memperoleh skor indeks 59,98 ke bawah.

Kepulauan Sangihe dan Sitaro memperoleh skor indeks rendah karena rasio NCPR-nya sama-sama tinggi, mengindikasikan adanya defisit tinggi dalam produksi serealia dan umbi-umbian, serta stok beras pemerintah daerah.

(Baca: 10 Kabupaten dengan Ketahanan Pangan Terendah, Semuanya di Papua)

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