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Indonesia, Negara dengan Cadangan Bauksit Terbesar ke-6 Global pada 2022 | Databoks
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Indonesia, Negara dengan Cadangan Bauksit Terbesar ke-6 Global pada 2022

Volume Cadangan Bauksit Global (2022)

Sumber : United States Geological Survey (USGS), Januari 2023

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

9/6/2023, 14.30 WIB

United States Geological Survey (USGS) memperkirakan volume cadangan bauksit global pada 2022 mencapai 31 miliar metrik ton kering.

Angka cadangan (reserves) dalam laporan USGS merepresentasikan volume sumber daya yang dapat diekstraksi dan diproduksi secara ekonomis.

Pada 2022, Guinea menjadi pemilik cadangan bauksit terbesar di dunia. Negara yang terletak di Afrika Barat ini diperkirakan memiliki cadangan bauksit sebanyak 7,4 miliar metrik ton kering.

Sementara, Indonesia memiliki cadangan bauksit terbesar ke-6 global, dengan rincian volume seperti terlihat pada grafik.

(Baca: Stok Bauksit dan Nikel RI Cukup untuk Produksi 100 Tahun Lebih)

Bauksit merupakan bahan mentah untuk membuat aluminium, logam ringan yang bisa dipadatkan hingga keras seperti baja, tahan korosi, dan bisa menjadi penghantar listrik yang baik.

Aluminium kemudian menjadi bahan baku penting untuk beragam industri, mulai dari otomotif, perlengkapan rumah tangga, sampai teknologi panel surya.

Adapun mulai Juni 2023 Indonesia akan melarang ekspor bauksit. Menurut Plt. Direktur Jenderal Mineral dan Batu Bara (Minerba) Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral (ESDM) Muhammad Wafid, rencana itu akan dijalankan mulai besok.

"Ya (rencana pelarangan ekspor bijih bauksit) tetap on. Kalau kebijakan itu memang harus (dijalankan) tanggal 10 (Juni 2023)," kata Muhammad Wafid kepada Detik.com, Kamis (8/6/2023).

Pemerintah melarang ekspor komoditas ini untuk mendorong perkembangan industri pengolahan bauksit di dalam negeri. Namun, menurut Menteri ESDM Arifin Tasrif, saat ini pembangunan fasilitas pengolahan atau smelter bauksit di Indonesia belum optimal.

Arifin menyebut, saat ini baru ada empat smelter bauksit di Indonesia dengan total kapasitas serapan 13,9 juta ton.

Empat smelter tersebut dikelola PT Indonesia Chemical Alumina, PT Bintan Alumina Indonesia, PT Well Harvest Winning Alumina Refinery Line-1, dan PT Well Harvest Winning Alumina Refinery Line-2.

Selain itu, ada tujuh smelter yang masih dalam tahap pembangunan. Namun, smelter baru ini belum bisa dipastikan kapan rampungnya.

"Walau hasil verifikasi melaporkan kemajuan pembangunan (smelter bauksit) antara 30% sampai 66%, namun berdasarkan peninjauan di lapangan terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan, masih berupa tanah lapang," kata Arifin, disiarkan Katadata.co.id (24/5/2023).

(Baca: RI Larang Ekspor Bauksit Mulai Juni 2023, Ini Nilai Ekspornya Sedekade Terakhir)

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