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Bagaimana Kondisi dan Pemenuhan Hak Para Pekerja di Negara ASEAN? | Databoks
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Bagaimana Kondisi dan Pemenuhan Hak Para Pekerja di Negara ASEAN?

Skor Kondisi dan Pemenuhan Hak Pekerja Negara-negara ASEAN (2022)*

Sumber : International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), 28 Juni 2022

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

2/5/2023, 21.05 WIB

International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) menilai 148 negara di dunia yang mengedepankan hak-hak pekerja dalam laporan Global Right Index 2022.

Negara-negara yang diteliti diberi skor dengan skala 1-5. Semakin tinggi skornya, semakin tidak bagus kondisi kerja atau tingginya pembatasan terhadap para buruh.

Sementara semakin rendah skornya, negara tersebut cukup terbuka terhadap hak-hak para buruh meski masih ditemukan pelanggaran hak secara sporadis atau tak menentu.

Di negara-negara yang tergabung dalam Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ada 9 dari 11 negara yang diteliti oleh ITUC.

Hasilnya, Singapura menduduki urutan pertama sebagai negara dengan kondisi dan pemenuhan hak pekerja yang cukup baik, yakni 2 poin. Capaian ini tak berubah dari tahun sebelumnya.

Kedua adalah Vietnam, dengan skor 4 poin. Capaian ini juga tak berubah dari tahun sebelumnya.

Sisanya, yakni Indonesia, Kamboja, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand diberi nilai 5 poin. Sementara Myanmar, mendapatkan 5+ poin.

ITUC tidak memiliki data untuk Brunei Darussalam dan Timor Leste.

Secara regional, ITUC membaginya ke dalam lima wilayah besar. Pertama, Timur Tengah dan Afrika Utara (Middle East and North Africa/MENA) dengan rata-rata skor 4,53 poin.

Kedua, Asia Pasifik dengan rerata skor 4,22 poin. Ketiga, Afrika dengan rerata skor 3,76 poin.

Keempat dan kelima ada Amerika dan Eropa dengan rerata skor masing-masing 3,52 poin dan 2,49 poin.

Adapun indikator penilaian yang dipakai ITUC di antaranya kebebasan sipil, hak untuk berserikat bagi pekerja atau buruh, kegiatan serikat pekerja, hak untuk berunding, hingga hak untuk aksi bagi pekerja.

Berikut parameter skor poin dari ITUC:

  • 5+ poin: tidak ada jaminan hak karena pelanggaran aturan hukum
  • 5 poin: tidak ada jaminan hak
  • 4 poin: pelanggaran hak secara sistematis
  • 3 poin: pelanggaran hak secara teratur
  • 2 poin: pelanggaran hak berulang kali
  • 1 poin: pelanggaran hak secara sporadis

(Baca juga: Tak Dapat Perlindungan Hukum hingga Marak Pembunuhan, Ini 10 Negara yang Paling Buruk untuk Pekerja)

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