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Sederet Negara dengan Tingkat Kebebasan Internet Tertinggi pada 2022, Bagaimana Capaian Indonesia? | Databoks
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Sederet Negara dengan Tingkat Kebebasan Internet Tertinggi pada 2022, Bagaimana Capaian Indonesia?

Skor 10 Negara dengan Kebebasan Internet Tertinggi (2022)

Sumber : Freedom House, 2022

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

10/4/2023, 19.30 WIB

Lembaga Freedom House kembali memberi skor kebebasan berinternet di 70 negara. Tujuannya untuk mengukur kemudahan akses, perlindungan, hingga kebebasan berekspresi warga negara melalui jejaring internet.

Peringkat pertama diduduki oleh Islandia, yang memperoleh skor 95 dari skala 0-100. Skor rendah (0) untuk penilaian paling tidak bebas, sementara skor tertinggi (100) untuk yang paling bebas.

Angka tersebut sebenarnya turun dari capaian survei sebelumnya, yakni 96/100 pada 2021.

Freedom House menjelaskan, pengguna internet di Islandia menikmati konektivitas yang hampir merata di seluruh daerah, pembatasan minimal pada konten-konten online, dan perlindungan hak yang kuat terhadap para penggunanya.

"Islandia adalah negara demokrasi parlementer dengan sejarah panjang dalam menegakkan hak politik dan kebebasan sipil," tulis Freedom House dalam laporannya. 

Urutan kedua adalah Estonia, yang memperoleh skor 93 poin. Angka ini juga mengalami penurunan dari sebelumnya sebesar 94 poin pada 2021.

Ketiga adalah Kosta Rika sebesar 88 poin. Angka ini mengalami peningkatan dari sebelumnya, sebesar 87 poin.

Bagaimana posisi Indonesia?

Laporan itu menunjukkan, Indonesia hanya memperoleh 49 poin. Angka ini naik dari tahun sebelumnya sebesar 48 poin.

Freedom House menyebut kebebasan internet tetap terancam di Indonesia, meski beberapa kali kondisinya sempat membaik.

Lembaga ini memberi contoh, akses internet di Papua yang terganggu; kritikus pemerintah, jurnalis, hingga pengguna atau warga sipil kerap menghadapi tuntutan pidana dan pelecehan sebagai ajang pembalasan dari aktivitas online mereka.

"Pihak berwenang juga memaksa perusahaan teknologi mematuhi undang-undang yang memberlakukan persyaratan penghapusan dan pendaftaran, memblokir beberapa platform," tulis Freedom House.

Adapun negara yang memperoleh skor terendah adalah Tiongkok dengan torehan 10 poin saja.

Setidaknya ada tiga indikator penyusun skor tersebut, di antaranya hambatan untuk mengakses internet, batasan konten, hingga pelanggaran hak pengguna.

Masing-masing indikator itu memiliki sejumlah pertanyaan yang diberi nilai 0-6 poin.

Berikut 10 negara dengan kebebasan internet tertinggi pada 2022:

  • Islandia 95 poin
  • Estonia 93 poin
  • Kosta Rika 88 poin
  • Kanada 87 poin
  • Inggris 79 poin
  • Taiwan 79 poin
  • Georgia 78 poin
  • Jerman 77 poin
  • Jepang 77 poin
  • Amerika Serikat 76 poin

(Baca juga: Islandia, Negara dengan Tingkat Kebebasan Berinternet Tertinggi di Dunia pada 2021)

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