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Menilik Investasi Global Terhadap Energi Bersih yang Terus Meningkat | Databoks Home Menilik Investasi Global Terhadap Energi Bersih yang Terus Meningkat Menilik Investasi Global Terhadap Energi Bersih yang Terus Meningkat Jumlah Investasi Negara-negara Dunia Terhadap Energi Bersih (2017-2022)* Sumber : International Energy Agency (IEA), 2022
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
5/4/2023, 06.00 WIB
International Energy Agency (IEA) menyebut, investasi energi bersih secara global mulai meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Bahkan IEA mengestimasikan lebih dari US$1,4 triliun diinvestasikan pada 2022. Angka itu terhitung hampir tiga perempat dari pertumbuhan keseluruhan investasi energi.
IEA melihat, pasca-penandatanganan Perjanjian Paris (Paris Agreement) pada 2015, tingkat pertumbuhan investasi energi bersih dalam lima tahun hanya di atas 2%.
"Sejak tahun 2020 angka tersebut telah meningkat menjadi 12%, jauh dari yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai tujuan iklim internasional, namun tetap merupakan langkah penting ke arah yang benar," tulis IEA.
Adapun investasi energi bersih tertinggi pada tahun 2021 berada di Tiongkok dengan nilai US$380 miliar, diikuti oleh Uni Eropa US$260 miliar, dan Amerika Serikat US$215 miliar.
Dari data yang dilampirkan, energi terbarukan, efisiensi energi, dan jaringan penyimpanan energi mendapatkan porsi investasi yang besar.
Energi terbarukan yang merupakan dari sumber daya alam yang tak terbatas meliputi energi dari angin, panel surya, panas bumi, hujan atau air.
Sementara efisiensi energi bisa dilakukan dengan memperbanyak bukaan, membuat sistem ventilasi udara yang baik, meminimalkan penggunaan listrik, memakai panel surya, dan mengolah air hujan.
(Baca juga: Indonesia Butuh Investasi Rp4,7 Kuadriliun untuk Transisi Energi )
Adapun jaringan penyimpanan energi biasanya menggunakan akumulator, yang bisa menyimpan energi listrik, termal atau panas, kimia, dan lainnya. Baterai juga masuk dalam kategori ini.
Kenaikan terjadi cukup signifikan pada investasi kendaraan listrik dalam dua tahun terakhir. Sedangkan investasi dengan kenaikan cenderung stagnan adalah bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS (carbon capture, utilization, and storage ).
Berikut data investasi global energi bersih yang dihimpun IEA:
2017 Energi terbarukan: US$326 miliar Efisiensi energi dan penggunaan akhir: US$376 miliar Jaringan penyimpanan energi: US$322 miliar Nuklir: US$37 miliar Kendaraan listrik: US$5 miliar Bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS: US$11 miliar 2018 Energi terbarukan: US$359 miliar Efisiensi energi: US$376 miliar Jaringan penyimpanan energi: US$315 miliar Nuklir: US$34 miliar Kendaraan listrik: US$13 miliar Bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS: US$10 miliar 2019 Energi terbarukan: US$393 miliar Efisiensi energi: US$390 miliar Jaringan penyimpanan energi: US$296 miliar Nuklir: US$35 miliar Kendaraan listrik: US$19 miliar Bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS: US$10 miliar 2020 Energi terbarukan: US$418 miliar Efisiensi energi: US$355 miliar Jaringan penyimpanan energi: US$298 miliar Nuklir: US$40 miliar Kendaraan listrik: US$27 miliar Bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS: US$10 miliar 2021 Energi terbarukan: US$446 miliar Efisiensi energi: US$430miliar Jaringan penyimpanan energi: US$317 miliar Nuklir: US$44 miliar Kendaraan listrik: US$55 miliar Bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS: US$16 miliar 2022 (estimasi) Energi terbarukan: US$472miliar Efisiensi energi: US$470 miliar Jaringan penyimpanan energi: US$337 miliar Nuklir: US$49 miliar Kendaraan listrik: US$93 miliar Bahan bakar rendah karbon dan CCUS: US$19 miliar (Baca juga: IEA: Pembangkit Listrik Energi Terbarukan Bakal Salip Batu Bara pada 2027 )
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