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10 Negara dengan Anggaran Riset Terbesar pada 2022, Bagaimana Posisi Indonesia? | Databoks
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10 Negara dengan Anggaran Riset Terbesar pada 2022, Bagaimana Posisi Indonesia?

10 Negara dengan Anggaran/Pengeluaran Kotor untuk Pengembangan Riset Terbanyak (2022)

Sumber : R&D World, 2022

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

3/4/2023, 21.29 WIB

Sejumlah negara tampaknya menaruh komitmen untuk memajukan negaranya dengan basis data dan riset yang kuat. Ini terlihat dari besarnya anggaran untuk pengembangan riset.

Lembaga R&D World melihat adanya perubahan investasi penelitian dan pengembangan (litbang) di bidang akademisi, pemerintah, dan organisasi di 116 negara.

Tim R&D World memperkirakan US$2,476 triliun akan diinvestasikan secara global dalam upaya pengembangan riset pada 2022. Angka ini meningkat 5,43%, sebesar $2,348 triliun yang dibelanjakan pada 2021 lalu.

Posisi pertama ditempati oleh Amerika Serikat dengan pengeluaran kotor untuk riset sebesar US$679,4 miliar. Angka ini meningkat dari sebelumnya yang berjumlah US$643,8 miliar pada 2021. Rasio anggaran riset Amerika Serikat pun diperkirakan mencapai 3,07% terhadap PDB pada 2022.

Kedua adalah China dengan pengeluaran kotor litbang mencapai US$551,1 miliar. Angka ini juga meningkat dari anggaran sebelumnya sebesar US$507 miliar pada 2021.

Ketiga, Jepang, dengan pengeluaran kotor US$182,2 miliar pada 2022. Angka ini juga mengalami kenaikan dari penganggaran kotor sebelumnya sebesar US$176,6 miliar pada 2021.

Keempat dan kelima ada Jerman dan Korea Selatan, dengan pengeluaran kotor untuk riset masing-masing sebesar US$143,1 miliar dan US$106,1 miliar pada 2022. Sisanya, terlampir pada grafik di atas.

Bagaimana posisi Indonesia?

Dari 40 negara yang ditampilkan R&D World, Indonesia duduk di bangku nomor 34. Penganggarannya sebesar US$8,2 miliar pada 2022.

R&D World menyebut, Indonesia adalah negara dengan rasio penganggaran riset terhadap PDB paling rendah, yang hanya sebesar 0,24% saja pada 2022 ini.

"Rasio pengembangan riset terhadap PDB bervariasi dari satu negara ke negara lain, dengan yang tertinggi 4,8% (Israel) hingga yang terendah 0,24% (Indonesia)—untuk 40 negara pembelanjaan riset teratas," tulis tim dalam laporannya.

Berikut 10 negara dengan penganggaran kotor untuk pengembangan riset terbanyak pada 2022:

  • Amerika Serikat US$679,4 miliar
  • Tiongkok US$551,1 miliar
  • Jepang US$182,2 miliar
  • Jerman US$143 miliar
  • Korea Selatan US$106,1 miliar
  • Prancis US$68,5 miliar
  • India US$65,2 miliar
  • Inggris US$54,9 miliar
  • Rusia US$52,2 miliar
  • Brasil US$37 miliar

(Baca juga: 7 Perusahaan Ini Gelontorkan Dana R&D Paling Banyak di Dunia)

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