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Dari Mana Sumber Terbesar Emisi Gas Metana Dunia? | Databoks
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Dari Mana Sumber Terbesar Emisi Gas Metana Dunia?

Estimasi Jumlah Emisi Gas Metana di Dunia Berdasarkan Sektor (21 Februari 2023)

Sumber : International Energy Agency (IEA), 21 Februari 2023

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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

17/3/2023, 21.10 WIB

International Energy Agency (IEA) menjabarkan temuannya terkait sumber utama emisi gas metana dunia. Posisi pertama berasal dari sektor pertanian, dengan jumlah 141.954 kiloton (kt).

Dilansir dari laman Kementerian Pertanian, emisi metana dari sektor pertanian, dalam hal ini lahan sawah, ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain tipe tanah, pengelolaan air irigasi, suhu tanah, varietas tanaman, pemupukan, dan musim tanam.

Umumnya, metana lahir dari praktik budidaya pertanian yang tidak berkelanjutan. Contoh budidaya pertanian yang mamacu emisi metana atau gas rumah kaca, adalah pembakaran lahan dan pembajakan tanah, seperti laporan yang dipublikasikan Universitas Lampung.

Selain itu, meski belum dijelaskan secara rinci oleh IEA, pertanian biasanya juga mencakup sektor peternakan. Diketahui, satu di antara hewan ternak dengan sumbangan gas metana terbesar adalah sapi, yang berasal dari kotorannya. Gas dari kentut atau kotoran sapi efeknya 25 kali lipat lebih besar dari karbondioksida (CO2) sebagai penyebab pemanasan global, seperti yang dilaporkan Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Selanjutnya, di urutan kedua adalah sektor energi, yang menyumbang 133.351 kt gas metana. Ketiga, sampah yang menyebabkan 70.759 kt gas rumah kaca. Terakhir, sektor lainnya, terdata mencapai 9.738 kt.

(Baca juga: Indonesia Termasuk Penghasil Emisi Metana Terbesar Global)

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TOPIK

Energi