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Denmark, Negara dengan Indeks Demokrasi Liberal Tertinggi Dunia pada 2022 | Databoks
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Denmark, Negara dengan Indeks Demokrasi Liberal Tertinggi Dunia pada 2022

10 Negara dengan Indeks Demokrasi Liberal Tertinggi (2022)

Sumber : V-Dem Institute, 2023

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Penulis: Cindy Mutia Annur

Editor: Erlina F. Santika

7/3/2023, 09.53 WIB

Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Institute melalui laporan bertajuk Democracy Report 2023 menunjukkan, Denmark merupakan negara dengan indeks demokrasi liberal (LDI) tertinggi pada 2022. Skor indeks negara tersebut mencapai 0,89 poin.

Adapun skor indeks tersebut berada pada rentang 0 hingga 1. Semakin tinggi skornya, maka negara itu memiliki demokrasi liberal yang baik. Jika semakin rendah skornya, maka negara tersebut tergolong autokrasi.

Setelah Denmark, ada Swedia dengan skor indeks demokrasi liberal sebesar 0,87 poin. Posisinya disusul oleh Norwegia dengan skor indeks demokrasi liberal 0,86 poin.

Berikut adalah 10 negara dengan skor indeks demokrasi liberal tertinggi pada 2022:

  1. Denmark: 0,89 poin
  2. Swedia: 0,87 poin
  3. Norwegia: 0,86 poin
  4. Swiss: 0,85 poin
  5. Estonia: 0,85 poin
  6. Selandia Baru: 0,83 poin
  7. Belgia: 0,83 poin
  8. Irlandia: 0,82 poin
  9. Kosta Rika: 0,82 poin
  10. Finlandia: 0,82 poin

Di sisi lain, Korea Utara merupakan negara dengan skor indeks demokrasi liberal terendah pada 2022. Skor indeksnya hanya 0,01 poin, sama halnya dengan Eritrea.

Berikut adalah 10 negara dengan skor indeks demokrasi liberal terendah pada 2022:

  1. Korea Utara: 0,01 poin
  2. Eritrea: 0,01 poin
  3. Afghanistan: 0,03 poin
  4. Chad: 0,03 poin
  5. Suriah: 0,03 poin
  6. Nikaragua: 0,03 poin
  7. Turkmenistan: 0,04 poin
  8. Tiongkok: 0,04 poin
  9. Belarus: 0,04 poin
  10. Arab Saudi: 0,04 poin
  11. Yaman: 0,04 poin

Adapun Indonesia menempati memiliki skor indeks demokrasi liberal sebesar 0,43 poin. Skor itu menempatkan Indonesia pada peringkat ke-79 dunia.

Indeks demokrasi liberal pada laporan V-Dem menggunakan aspek liberal (kebebasan sipil-politik) dan elektoral demokrasi (terselenggaranya pemilu secara bebas dan adil) melalui 71 indikator. Penilaian indeks tersebut dilakukan terhadap 179 negara.

Laporan tersebut juga menunjukkan, kualitas demokrasi global menurun hingga level tahun 1986. “Terdapat 72% populasi dunia, atau 5,7 miliar orang hidup dalam autokrasi pada 2022,” demikian  dikutip dari laporan tersebut.

Tak hanya itu, laporan V-Dem juga menunjukkan, kebebasan berekspresi memburuk di 35 negara pada 2022. Angka itu mengalami peningkatan drastis dibandingkan satu dekade lalu yang hanya ada 7 negara.

(Baca: Indeks Demokrasi Dunia 2021, Indonesia Masih Dinilai Lemah)

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