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Setahun Perang, Harga Minyak Rusia Melemah | Databoks
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Setahun Perang, Harga Minyak Rusia Melemah

Rata-rata Bulanan Harga Minyak Dunia dan Minyak Rusia (Januari 2021-Januari 2023)

Sumber : World Bank, Trading Economics, Februari 2023

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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

24/2/2023, 17.40 WIB

Hari ini (24/2/2023) perang Rusia-Ukraina genap berusia satu tahun. Kendati demikian, belum ada tanda-tanda bahwa perang akan berakhir dalam waktu dekat.

Malahan, awal pekan ini Presiden Rusia Vladimir Putin menyatakan kemungkinan adanya eskalasi perang.

"Kelompok elit negara-negara Barat berusaha menimbulkan kekalahan strategis di pihak Rusia dan berencana mengubah konflik lokal menjadi konfrontasi global. Moskow akan memberikan reaksi yang sesuai. Negara Barat harus menyadari bahwa tidak mungkin mengalahkan Rusia di medan perang," kata Putin, dilansir Tass, Selasa (21/2/2023).

Sejak awal meletusnya perang, negara-negara Barat memang sudah berupaya melemahkan Rusia dengan berbagai sanksi ekonomi, mulai dari membatasi arus perdagangan sampai membekukan cadangan devisa Rusia yang tersimpan di luar negeri.

Demi memangkas anggaran perang Rusia, sejumlah negara juga membatasi harga minyak mentah Rusia maksimal US$ 60 per barel mulai 5 Desember 2022.

Sanksi tersebut diterapkan oleh kelompok negara G7, yakni Amerika Serikat, Inggris, Italia, Jepang, Jerman, Kanada, dan Prancis, ditambah Australia dan 27 negara anggota Uni Eropa.

Alhasil, pada Desember 2022 harga minyak mentah Urals asal Rusia tercatat kian melemah. Bahkan pada Januari 2023 rata-rata harganya mencapai US$ 56,05 per barel, terendah sejak awal perang.

Saat minyak Rusia berada di level terendah, harga minyak dunia justru menguat. Pada Januari 2023 rata-rata harga minyak mentah Brent mencapai US$ 83,09 per barel, lebih tinggi dari bulan sebelumnya. Penguatan juga terjadi pada minyak West Texas Intermediate (WTI) seperti terlihat pada grafik.

Di tengah situasi ini, Rusia pun berencana mengurangi produksi dan memangkas volume ekspor minyaknya mulai Maret 2023.

"Pemangkasan ekspor (minyak Rusia) tampaknya lebih banyak dari rencana pengurangan produksi. Ini mungkin membantu menaikkan harga minyak Rusia," kata seorang sumber anonim kepada Reuters, Rabu (22/2/2023).

(Baca: Sumber Dana Putin, Ini Negara Pembeli Minyak Rusia Terbesar Selama Perang)

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