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Indonesia Pegang Skor Pengaruh Diplomasi Tertinggi di Asia Tenggara 2023 | Databoks Home Indonesia Pegang Skor Pengaruh Diplomasi Tertinggi di Asia Tenggara 2023 Indonesia Pegang Skor Pengaruh Diplomasi Tertinggi di Asia Tenggara 2023 Indeks Skor Pengaruh Diplomasi Negara-negara Asia Tenggara (2023)* Sumber : Lowy Institute, 2023
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Penulis: Erlina F. Santika
Editor: Erlina F. Santika
21/2/2023, 16.31 WIB
Lowy Institute menangkap banyak komentar soal negara-negara Asia Tenggara yang dianggap tak punya daya, terlebih untuk menghadapi persaingan kekuatan dan konflik besar di negara lain.
Melalui laporan Asia Power Index 2023, Lowy Institute menantang narasi tersebut. Dalam laporan itu justru menunjukkan adanya dinamisme dan pengaruh yang berkelanjutan, bahkan dari negara-negara kecil di Asia Tenggara.
Lowy Institute juga merunutkan skor pengaruh diplomasi di Asia Tenggara. Namun sebagai catatan, daftar itu tak memasukkan data dari Timor Leste.
Urutan pertama diduduki oleh Indonesia dengan jumlah skor 60,4 poin dari skala 100 poin.
Lowy Institute menjelaskan, Indonesia sebenarnya sering dikritik karena menjalankan kepemimpinan yang lemah di Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN ).
Namun, keterlibatan diplomasi belakangan ini menunjukkan Indonesia menjadi salah satu pemain paling aktif secara diplomatik di kawasan Asia Tenggara.
"Jakarta menjadi tuan rumah dengan jumlah pemimpin luar negeri atau menteri luar negeri terbesar kedua pada 2021, dan Menteri Luar Negeri Retno Marsudi adalah lawan bicara yang dicari di Asia Tenggara dan sekitarnya," tulis Lowy Institute dalam laporannya.
Lempar balik pada 2022, Lowy Institute menyebut Presiden Joko Widodo juga berusaha untuk berperan dalam menengahi konflik antara Rusia dan Ukraina dan menjadi tuan rumah G20 dalam keadaan geopolitik yang menantang.
Menurut Lowy Instititute, langkah ambisius ini menghasilkan skor survei ahli yang lebih baik untuk kepemimpinan Indonesia di tingkat regional dan global pada 2022.
(Baca juga: Negara-negara dengan Skor Kekuatan Militer Terbaik pada 2023 )
Urutan kedua skor pengaruh diplomasi ditempati oleh Vietnam dengan 55,2 poin dan ketiga ialah Singapura, 52,9 poin.
Sementara keempat ada Thailand 48,3 poin dan keenam disusul Malaysia 43,8 poin.
Lowy Institute menyebut, terlepas dari ambisi negara-negara ASEAN lainnya—termasuk Indonesia dan Malaysia—untuk mengambil sikap yang lebih keras dari biasanya terhadap Myanmar, junta militer tampaknya tidak mau menerima tekanan eksternal dan cenderung semakin terisolasi.
Myanmar merupakan negara urutan bontot dalam skor pengaruh diplomasi. Di atasnya, ada Laos.
Lowy Institute mengatakan, Laos adalah satu-satunya negara ASEAN yang mencatat skor kekuatan komprehensif lebih rendah dari Myanmar dan terus mengalami penurunan kemampuan ekonomi.
Pada 2022, Laos menghadapi krisis neraca pembayaran, akibat meningkatnya utang dan harga komoditas global yang tinggi.
Indeks skor diplomasi, dan pengukuran lainnya, dilakukan sendiri oleh Lowy Institute dengan acuan sejumlah indikator. Pemilihan indikator berasal dari tinjauan pustaka dan konsultasi ahli.
Kerangka metodologi Indeks diinformasikan oleh OECD Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators . Pendekatan distance-to-frontier digunakan untuk membandingkan hasil suatu negara dengan negara dengan kinerja terbaik dan terburuk di setiap set data.
Berikut skor pengaruh diplomasi di Asia Tenggara versi Lowy Institute Asia Power Indeks 2023:
Indonesia 60,4 skor poin Vietnam 55,2 poin Singapura 52,9 poin Thailand 48,3 poin Malaysia 43,8 poin Filipina 37,1 poin Brunei Darussalam 32,7 poin Kamboja 32,5 poin Laos 27,3 poin Myanmar 24,6 poin (Baca juga: Indeks Kebebasan Ekonomi Indonesia Tertinggi ke-4 di Asia Tenggara )