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Stok Bauksit dan Nikel RI Cukup untuk Produksi 100 Tahun Lebih | Databoks Home Stok Bauksit dan Nikel RI Cukup untuk Produksi 100 Tahun Lebih Stok Bauksit dan Nikel RI Cukup untuk Produksi 100 Tahun Lebih Umur Aset Sumber Daya Mineral Bauksit, Nikel, Timah, Tembaga, dan Perak Indonesia (2021) Sumber : Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), 20 Desember 2022
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat
Editor: Adi Ahdiat
21/12/2022, 16.40 WIB
Indonesia memiliki banyak sumber daya mineral bauksit dan nikel . Menurut Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), stok bauksit nasional dapat diekstraksi sampai 258 tahun ke depan, sedangkan stok nikel bisa dimanfaatkan untuk produksi bijih selama 108 tahun.
BPS menghitung estimasi umur aset ini dari rasio antara stok fisik (cadangan) sumber daya mineral nasional pada akhir 2021 dengan tingkat ekstraksinya dalam beberapa tahun terakhir.
Adapun umur aset bauksit dan nikel jauh lebih tinggi dibanding sumber daya mineral lain, seperti stok timah yang hanya bisa diekstraksi sampai 36 tahun ke depan, tembaga 33 tahun, dan perak 30 tahun.
(Baca: Nilai Moneter Bauksit RI Lebih Tinggi dari Nikel )
Kendati sumber dayanya melimpah, Presiden Jokowi bakal melarang ekspor bijih bauksit dalam waktu dekat.
"Mulai Juni 2023 pemerintah akan melarang ekspor bijih bauksit dan mendorong pengolahan dan pemurnian bauksit di dalam negeri," kata Jokowi di Istana Merdeka, Jakarta, dilansir Antara , Rabu (21/12/2022).
Menurut Jokowi pelarangan ekspor ini bertujuan mewujudkan kedaulatan sumber daya alam, membuka lapangan kerja, meningkatkan penerimaan devisa, dan mendorong pemerataan pertumbuhan ekonomi.
"Ekspor bahan mentah akan terus dikurangi, hilirisasi industri berbasis sumber daya alam di dalam negeri akan terus ditingkatkan," kata Jokowi.
(Baca: Ini Jumlah Smelter di Indonesia, Smelter Nikel Terbanyak )
Sebelumnya, pemerintah juga sempat melarang ekspor bijih nikel sejak 1 Januari 2020. Namun, kebijakan tersebut digugat oleh Uni Eropa ke World Trade Organization (WTO).
Setelah melalui proses persidangan panjang, WTO mengabulkan gugatan Uni Eropa pada Oktober 2022. Indonesia 'kalah' dalam sidang karena dinilai melanggar kesepakatan perdagangan bebas internasional, salah satunya Pasal XI:1 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades (GATT) 1994.
Pasal GATT tersebut menyatakan bahwa negara anggota WTO hanya boleh membatasi bea, pajak, atau pungutan lain, namun dilarang melakukan pembatasan kuota ataupun perizinan ekspor dan impor.
(Baca: Ekspor Bauksit RI Melesat Hampir 10 Kali Lipat dalam Lima Tahun )
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