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10 Negara dengan Kebijakan Cukai Rokok Terbaik | Databoks
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10 Negara dengan Kebijakan Cukai Rokok Terbaik

10 Negara dengan Kebijakan Cukai Rokok Terbaik menurut Skor Tobacconomics (2020)

Sumber : Tobacconomics, 2021

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Adi Ahdiat

Editor: Adi Ahdiat

2/11/2022, 17.20 WIB

Banyak negara berupaya mengendalikan konsumsi rokok melalui strategi pengenaan pajak dan cukai tembakau. Namun, kebijakan itu diterapkan secara berbeda-beda di tiap negara sehingga hasilnya tidak selalu efektif.

Tobacconomics, lembaga riset asal Amerika Serikat, menilai performa kebijakan pajak dan cukai rokok melalui empat indikator, yaitu:

  • Perbandingan harga rokok antarnegara berdasarkan keseimbangan daya beli (purchasing power parity);
  • Rata-rata perubahan harga rokok secara tahunan;
  • Besaran tarif pajak dan cukai rokok; dan
  • Struktur pajak dan cukai rokok.

Tobacconomics kemudian memberi skor dengan skala 0 sampai 5. Semakin tinggi angkanya, performa kebijakan pajak dan cukai rokok di negara tersebut dinilai semakin baik.

Negara yang mendapat nilai tertinggi adalah Ekuador dan Selandia Baru. Setelahnya ada Inggris, Kanada, Botswana, Prancis, Peru, Seychelles, Bahrain, dan Chile dengan rincian skor seperti terlihat pada grafik.

Sedangkan Indonesia hanya mendapat skor 2,38 sehingga berada di peringkat ke-81 dari 160 negara yang diriset pada 2020.

"WHO memandang pencapaian tertinggi diraih oleh negara yang memberlakukan pajak minimal 75% dari harga eceran rokok," kata Tobacconomics dalam laporan Cigarette Tax Scorecard (2nd Edition).

Tobacconomics menegaskan kebijakan cukai rokok yang baik harus mampu mendorong kenaikan harga rokok melebihi tingkat kenaikan pendapatan masyarakat. Mereka juga menilai kebijakan cukai rokok harus memiliki struktur yang sederhana.

"Struktur tarif cukai rokok berlapis, dengan tarif bervariasi berdasarkan harga, panjang batang rokok, keberadaan filter, kemasan rokok, dan faktor lainnya membuat pajak rokok lebih sulit diterapkan sehingga kurang efektif," pungkasnya.

(Baca: Meski Cukai Naik, Rokok HM Sampoerna Makin Laris)

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