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Belanda Jadi Negara dengan Risiko Banjir Besar Tertinggi di Dunia, Bagaimana RI? | Databoks
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Belanda Jadi Negara dengan Risiko Banjir Besar Tertinggi di Dunia, Bagaimana RI?

Risiko Banjir Besar, Menurut Populasi yang Terpapar 2022

Sumber : Nature,

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Disalin..
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Penulis: Annissa Mutia

Editor: Annissa Mutia

1/10/2022, 12.30 WIB

Bencana banjir besar telah melanda berbagai negara di dunia, seperti banjir di Pakistan yang telah membuat sepertiga negara itu terendam air. Berdasarkan laporan Nature, negara-negara dengan garis pantai yang cukup besar, sistem sungai, dan dataran datar mempunyai persentase populasinya terkena risiko banjir dahsyat.

Belanda dan Bangladesh menjadi dua negara di dunia yang lebih dari setengah populasinya berisiko terkena banjir besar, masing-masing sebesar 59% dan 58%. Kemudian diikuti oleh Vietnam (46%), Mesir (41%), dan Myanmar (40%) yang melengkapi lima negara teratas lainnya.

Selain Belanda, hanya dua negara Eropa lainnya yang termasuk dalam 20 negara teratas berdasarkan persentase populasi berisiko, yaitu. Austria (29%) dan Albania (28%). Sementara Indonesia menempati urutan ke-23 yang 27.0% dari populasi berisiko terkena banjir besar. 

Banjir besar merupakan istilah lain dari 100 tahun banjir. Bencana ini sering juga disebut banjir 1 persen, karena peluang terjadinya setiap tahun hanya 1 berbanding 100. Bencana ini terjadi, salah satunya lantaran kenaikan permukaan air laut. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini memperhitungkan potensi risiko dari banjir di daratan dan pesisir.

Bukan hanya korban manusia, bencana banjir juga menimbulkan kerugian ekonomi. Menurut Nature, kekeringan, banjir, dan badai menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi sebesar US$224,2 miliar di seluruh dunia tahun lalu, hampir dua kali lipat rata-rata tahunan 2001-2020 sebesar US$117,8 miliar.

Sebuah laporan baru-baru ini memperkirakan bahwa risiko air (disebabkan oleh kekeringan, banjir, dan badai) dapat menghabiskan US$5,6 triliun dari PDB global pada tahun 2050, dengan banjir yang diproyeksikan menyumbang 36% dari kerugian langsung ini.

Karena kerugian manusia dan ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh banjir terus meningkat, negara-negara di seluruh dunia perlu fokus pada infrastruktur pencegahan dan solusi restoratif untuk ekosistem dan masyarakat yang sudah terkena dampak dan paling berisiko terkena banjir.

(baca: 2.398 Bencana Alam Terjadi di RI hingga Awal September 2022, Ini Rinciannya)

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